SSC Stenographer Grade C & D 2025 Mock Test - 1

General Intelligence & Reasoning

1.Select the option that represents the letters that, when placed from left to right in the following blanks will complete the letter series.

P W _ R T P _ B R _ P W _ _ T _ _ D R T

A. Z W T X R P W

B. A W T C R P W

C. J W T D R P W

D. F W T C R P D

Solutions

Logic: PWART is repeated, but in every next step, the third letter is replaced by the next letter in English alphabetical order.

Given series: P W _ R T P _ B R _ P W _ _ T _ _ D R T

P W A R T P W B R T P W C R T P W D R T

P W A R T / P W B R T / P W C R T / P W D R T

Hence, the correct answer is A W T C R P W.

2.In the given statement, the relationship between different elements is shown and it is followed by two conclusions. Choose the correct answer on the basis of the information given below.

Statements: A > B ≤ C > D = E ≥ F > G < H = I

Conclusions:

I. A > E

II. D > G

A. Both conclusions I and II are true

B. Only conclusion II is true

C. Only conclusion I is true

D. Neither conclusion I nor II is true

Solutions

Statements: A > B ≤ C > D = E ≥ F > G < H = I

Conclusions:

I. A > E: False (A > B ≤ C > D = E; opposite signs between the elements.)

II. D > G: True (D = E ≥ F > G → D > G)

3. Which of the following sequence represents the correct dictionary order of the following words?

1. Global

2. Gloomy

3. Glossy

4. Glorious

5. Goldstone

A. 5, 2, 4, 3, 1

B. 1, 2, 5, 3, 4

C. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

D. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5

Solutions

The correct dictionary order will be:

1. Global

2. Gloomy

4. Glorious

3. Glossy

5. Goldstone

So, 1, 2, 4, 3, and 5 represent the correct dictionary order.

Hence, the correct answer is 1, 2, 4, 3, 5.

4. If in a certain code language, ‘PEER’ is written as ’44’, ‘PANE’ is written as ’36’. Then, how is the word ‘WARE’ written in the same code language?

A. 47

B. 45

C. 49

D. 51

Solutions

The sum of the positional values of the letters is written.

PEER → 16 + 5 + 5 + 18 → 44

PANE → 16 + 1 + 14 + 5 → 36

Similarly, WARE → 23 + 1 + 18 + 5 → 47

5. Mohan starts walking from point P in the east direction and walks for 12 km, then takes a left turn and walks for 6 km, then takes another left turn and walks for 4 km and reaches home. In which direction Is Mohan’s home from his starting point and at what distance? (Note: You have to calculate the shortest distance.)

A. North-East, 5 km

B. North-East, 10 km

C. East, 12 km

D. North, 22 km

Solutions

Mohan’s home is in the northeast direction from his starting point.

Shortest distance between point P and Mohan’s home = √(8² + 6²)= √(64 + 36) = √100 = 10 km

Hence, the correct answer is North-East, 10 km.

6. Amit starts moving in the west direction and walks 4 km after that he turns left and walks 5 km, then turns right and walks 8 km, and finally takes right turns and walks 4km and reaches point D. In which direction is he facing now?

A. East

B. West

C. South

D. North

Solutions

7. Pointing to a photograph, a man says “This woman’s daughter’s sister is my mother-in-law”. How is this man’s wife related to the woman in the photograph?

A. Grand Daughter

B. Daughter

C. Daughter-in-law

D. Niece

Solutions

So, this man’s wife is the granddaughter of the woman in the photograph.

8. If ‘A + B’ means ‘A is the mother of B’,

‘A – B’ means ‘A is the father of B’,

‘A * B’ means ‘A is the wife of B’,

‘A % B’ means ‘A is the daughter of B’.

Then which of the following expression shows P is the grandmother of T?

A. P – T + S * R

B. P + R – T % S

C. P – R * T % S

D. None of these

Solutions

Option 2: P + R – T % S → P + R = P is the mother of R, R – T = R is the father of T, T % S = T is the daughter of S

Clearly, P is the grandmother of T.

9. Read the given information and answer the following question.

The height of six students (P, K, J, H, G, and F) is measured in a classroom. H is taller than at least 4 students but not the tallest. H is taller than G and J but smaller than K. F is the shortest. P is taller than J but shorter than H. G is taller than 3 students.

Who is the tallest among these students?

A. J

B. H

C. K

D. P

Solutions

1. H is taller than at least 4 students but not the tallest.

2. F is the shortest.

_ > H > _ > _ > _ > F

3. P is taller than J but shorter than H.

4. H is taller than G and J but smaller than K.

5. G is taller than 3 students.

K > H > G > P > J > F

K is the tallest.

Hence, the correct answer is K.

10. Six people J, K, L, M, N, and O are sitting in a linear row and facing north. N sits third to the left of M who sits at the end. K sits third to the right of L who sits immediately left of J.

Who among the following sits at the left end?

A. L

B. J

C. O

D. M

Solutions

1. N sits third to the left of M who sits at the end.

2. K sits third to the right of L who sits immediately left of J.

Clearly, L sits at the left end.

Hence the correct answer is L.

11. Four letter clusters have been given, out of which three are alike in some manner and one is different. Select the different one.

A. PTL

B. FJC

C. BFX

D. WAS

Solutions

PTL → P + 4 = T; T – 8 = L

FJC → F + 4 = J; J – 8 = B ≠ C

BFX → B + 4 = F; F – 8 = X

WAS → W + 4 = A; A – 8 = S

Hence, FJC is odd one.

12. Find the odd one out.

A. DFR

B. JLL

C. VXZ

D. HJQ

Solutions

DFR → D + 2 = F → F + 3 = I (9) ⇔ R

JLL → J + 2 = L → L + 3 = O (15) ⇔ L

VXZ → V + 2 = X → X + 3 = A (1) ⇔ Z

HJQ → H + 2 = J → J + 3 = M (13) ⇔ N ≠ Q

So, HJQ is the odd one out.

13. Complete the following series.

TRE, VUJ, XXO, ?

A. BVC

B. BHU

C. BAS

D. ZAT

Solutions

T + 2 = V, V + 2 = X, X + 2 = Z

R + 3 = U, U + 3 = X, X + 3 = A

E + 5 = J, J + 5 = O, O + 5 = T

14. Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.

JTVE, HVXC, FXZA, DZBY, ?

A. BBZH

B. BZBA

C. BCZA

D. BBDW

Solutions

J – 2 = H, H – 2 = F, F – 2 = D, D – 2 = B

T + 2 = V, V + 2 = X, X + 2 = Z, Z + 2 = B

V + 2 = X, X + 2 = Z, Z + 2 = B, B + 2 = D

E – 2 = C, C – 2 = A, A – 2 = Y, Y – 2 = W

15. Select the related word from the given alternatives.

Aeroplane : Hangar :: Ship : ?

A. Garage

B. Harbour

C. Helipad

D. Parking

Solutions

A hangar is a place for housing Aeroplanes. Similarly, the Harbor is a place for housing Ships.

16. Select the option that is related to the third element in the same way as the second element is related to the first element.

Acrophobia : heights :: Astraphobia : ?

A. snakes

B. water

C. thunder

D. clouds

Solutions

Arophobia is the fear of heights. Similarly, astraphobia is the fear of thunders.

17. The given Problem Figure is embedded in one of the given Answer Figures. Which is the answer Figure?

A. B

B. D

C. A

D. C

Solutions

Correct Answer is option 1

18. Select the option that is embedded in the given figure (rotation is NOT allowed).

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Solutions

19. Select the figure in which the given figure is embedded. (Rotation is not allowed)

A. I

B. II

C. III

D. IV

Solutions

20. Find the number of triangles in the given figure:

A. 11

B. 12

C. 14

D. 13

Solutions

Triangle: KLM, FKG, FMH, LGH, LGB, GED, LEC, AGB, GHB, BCD, ALB = 11

21. A piece of paper is folded and cut as shown below in the question figures from the given answer figures, indicating the pattern that it will appear when it is opened.

Solutions

22. Three different positions of the same dice are shown. Select the number that will be on the face opposite to the face having I.

A. Face V

B. Face IV

C. Face VI

D. Cannot be determined

Solutions

From the figures, face III is adjacent to faces I, II, IV, and V. So, face III is opposite to face VI.

From cubes 1 and 2, face II is opposite to face V.

From cubes 1 and 3, face I is opposite to face IV.

23. If P means ‘+’, Q means ‘-‘, R means ‘×’ and S means ‘÷’, then the value of the following expression?

40 S 4 R 2 P 19 Q 26

A. 21

B. 16

C. 23

D. 13

Solutions

Given the equation: 40 S 4 R 2 P 19 Q 26

After the interchange of signs: (Using BODMAS)

= (40 ÷ 4) × 2 + 19 – 26

= (10 × 2) + 19 – 26

= (20 + 19) – 26

= 13

24. If it was Monday on 20th August 2018, then what was the day on 15th May 2018?

A. Sunday

B. Monday

C. Wednesday

D. Tuesday

Solutions

20th August 2018 – Monday

The odd number of days between 15th May and 20th August:

Total odd days = 17 + 30 + 31 + 19 = 97/7 = 6 Odd days

Now we have to go backward in time i.e. from 20th August to 11th May.

Monday – 6 = Tuesday

On 15th May, it was Tuesday.

25. Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:

All Flowers are Seed.

No Seed is a Tree.

Some Trees are Green.

Conclusions:

I. Some Trees are Seed.

II. Some Green is Flower.

III. Some Seed is Flower.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Both conclusions II and III follow

D. Only conclusion III follows

Solutions

The least possible diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some Trees are Seed – False (As no seed is the tree. So, seed and tree can’t have a positive relationship)

II. Some Green is Flower – False (It is possible but not definite as there is no direct relationship between the elements)

III. Some Seed is Flower – True (All flowers are seeds. So, some seeds are definitely flowers)

Hence, the correct answer is Only conclusion III follows.

26. In the following question, three statements are given below followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read both conclusions and decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements.

Statements:

I. Only a few Sisters are Mothers.

II. Some Mothers are Fathers.

III. No Father is Brother.

Conclusions:

I. Some Sisters are not Mothers.

II. All Mothers can never be Brothers.

A. Only conclusion I is true

B. Only conclusion II is true

C. Both conclusions I and II are true

D. Either conclusion I or II is true

Solutions

Understanding:

The least possible diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some Sisters are not Mothers → True (As, only a few Sisters are Mothers is given. So, some sisters are not Mothers is true)

II. All Mothers can never be Brothers → True (As, Some Mothers are also Fathers and no Father is Brother is given. So, all Mothers can never be Brothers is true)

Hence, the correct answer is Both Conclusion I and II are true.

27. Select the missing number from the given number series.

4, 9, 20, 44, ?

A. 90

B. 95

C. 80

D. 100

Solutions

Given series: 4, 9, 20, 44, ?

28. Complete the following series.

13, 31, 57, 91, ?

A. 101

B. 151

C. 143

D. 133

Solutions

The used pattern is:

(Odd Number)² + Immediate next number.

3² + 4 = 13

5² + 6 = 31

7² + 8 = 57

9² + 10 = 91

Similarly, the next number would be,

11² + 12 = 133

Hence, the correct answer is 133.

29. Select the correct option that will fill in the blank and complete the series.

2, 3, 9, 12, 30, 39, 93, _______

A. 201

B. 102

C. 120

D. 210

Solutions

Every alternate number follows the pattern :

For numbers at odd places:

9 = (2 × 3) + 3

30 = (9 × 3) + 3

93 = (30 × 3) + 3

For numbers at even places:

12 = (3 × 3) + 3

39 = (12 × 3) + 3

X = (39 × 3) + 3

X = 120

Hence, the correct answer is 120.

30. Complete the following series.

3456, 3467, 3578, 4689, ?

A. 12800

B. 15800

C. 13800

D. 14800

Solutions

Given: 3456, 3467, 3578, 4689, ?

3456 + 11 = 3467,

3467 + 111 = 3578,

3578 + 1111 = 4689

4689 + 11111 = 15800

Hence, the correct answer is 15800.

31. Select the option that is related to the sixth number in the same way as the first number is related to the second number and the third number is related to the fourth number.

76 : 169 :: 87 : 225 :: 48 : ?

A. 144

B. 147

C. 225

D. 198

Solutions

The logic used here is:

76 : 169

7 + 6 = 13

13²= 169

87 : 225

8 + 7 = 15

15²= 225

Similarly,

48 : ?

4 + 8 = 12144 = 12²

Hence, the correct answer is 144.

32. Select the number from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.

410, 210, 110, 60, 35, ?

A. 21.5

B. 26

C. 22.5

D. 24

Solutions

Given series: 410, 210, 110, 60, 35, ?

410 – 200 = 210, 210 – 100 = 110, 110 – 50 = 60, 60 – 25 = 35, 35 – 12.5 = 22.5

33. Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:

I. All deer are lion.

II. Some deer are swan.

III. Some lion are elephant.

Conclusions:

I. Some deer are elephant.

II. Some lion can be swan.

III. All lion are deer.

A. Only conclusion II and conclusion III follow

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Only conclusion III follows

D. None follows

Solutions

The least possible Venn diagram would be

Conclusions:

I. Some deer are elephant. False (There is no relation given between deer and elephant so it is false.)

II. Some lion can be swan. False (All deer are lion and Some deer are swan which means some lion which are deer are also swan. When a statement is definitely true then its possibility becomes false)

III. All lion are deer. False (It is possible but not definite.)

Hence, the correct answer is None follows.

34. In the following question, select the related number from the given alternatives.

53 : 88 :: 81 : ? :: 43 : 77

A. 76

B. 99

C. 98

D. 82

Solutions

The pattern here is: The reverse of the numbers are added

53 : 88 → 53 + 35 = 88

43 : 77 → 43 + 34 = 77

Similarly, 81 : ? → 81 + 18 = 99

35. Select the option that is related to the third number in the same way as the second number is related to the first number.

35 : 64 :: 29 : ?

A. 63

B. 100

C. 121

D. 84

Solutions

Logic: Square of the sum of digits of first number.

35 : 64 → (3 + 5)² = 64

Similarly, 29 : ? → (2 + 9)² = 121

36. Choose the correct answer figure that comes in place of the question mark.

Solutions

The elements rotate clockwise, and the line of the middle element increases by one in each step.

37. Complete the series.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Solutions

Logic: Curves are rotating 90 degrees clockwise and in each step increased by 1.

In the next figure, 3 curves will be facing the upper side.

38. If in a certain code language the word POLITICAL is written as QNMHUHDZM, then in the same code language how will you write the word SOCIAL?

A. DBKNTH

B. NTHDBK

C. DHBKIN

D. TNDHBK

Solutions

The logic used here is:

POLITICAL is written as QNMHUHDZM

P + 1 = Q

O – 1 = N

L + 1 = M

I – 1 = H

T + 1 = U

I – 1 = H

C + 1 = D

A – 1 = Z

L + 1 = M

Similarly,

Code for the word SOCIAL:

S + 1 = T

O – 1 = N

C + 1 = D

I – 1 = H

A + 1 = B

L – 1 = K

Hence, the correct answer is TNDHBK.

39. If + means ‘÷’, × means ‘-‘, ÷ means ‘×’ and – means ‘+’, then find the value of 9 + 3 ÷ 4 – 8 × 2.

A. 15

B. 17

C. 18

D. 20

Solutions

Here,

+ means ÷,

× means -,

÷ means × and

– means +

Given equation: 9 + 3 ÷ 4 – 8 × 2

On implementing these signs:

(9 ÷ 3) × 4 + 8 – 2

= (3 × 4) + 8 – 2

= (12 + 8) – 2

= 20 – 2

= 18

Hence, the correct answer is 18.

40. If A means addition, B means multiplication, C means division and D means subtraction then find the value of the following.

72 C 12 B 8 C 2 A 12 D 3 = ?

A. 37

B. 33

C. 31

D. 23

Solutions

Given the equation: 72 C 12 B 8 C 2 A 12 D 3

Putting sings;

(72 ÷ 12) × (8 ÷ 2) + 12 – 3

= (6 × 4) + 12 – 3

= (24 + 12) – 3

= 36 – 3 = 33

41. Choose the image that will complete the given series.

Solutions

1. The shaded part moves one step forward in a clockwise direction, at each step.

2. The dotted part moves forward in a clockwise direction following these steps: +1, +2, +3, and so on.

42. Consider the given statements to be true and decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.

Statements:

Some carpenters are plumbers.

Some plumbers are daily wage labourers.

Conclusions:

1. Some plumbers are carpenters.

2. Some daily wage labourers are plumbers.

A. Only conclusion 2 follows.

B. Both 1 and 2 follow.

C. Only conclusion 1 follows.

D. Neither 1 nor 2 follows.

Solutions

Conclusion:

1. Some plumbers are carpenters: True (As some carpenters are plumbers, so, some plumbers are carpenters is also true.)

2. Some daily wage labourers are plumbers: True (As some plumbers are daily wage labourers, so, some daily wage labourers are plumbers is also true.)

Hence, the correct answer is both 1 and 2 follow.

43. Arrange the given words in a meaningful and logical sequence.

1. Examine copies

2. Declare marks

3. Conduct test

4. Distributing sheets to conduct test

5. Collecting copies

6. Giving marks

A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

B. 4, 3, 5, 1, 6, 2

C. 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.

D. 3, 4, 6, 2, 5, 1

Solutions

The meaningful sequence will be:

4. Distributing sheets to conduct test

3. Conduct test

5. Collecting copies

1. Examine copies

6. Giving marks

2. Declare marks

So, (4, 3, 5, 1, 6, 2) represents the meaningful and logical sequence.

Hence, the correct answer is 4, 3, 5, 1, 6, 2.

44. Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as the numbers of the following sets.

(NOTE: Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into their constituent digits. E.g. 13 – Operations on 13 such as adding /deleting /multiplying etc., to 13 can be performed. Breaking down 13 into 1 and 3 and then performing mathematical operations on 1 and 3 is not allowed)
(6, 8, 196)
(7, 6, 169)

A. (8, 9, 289)

B. (9, 5, 287)

C. (7, 9, 299)

D. (7, 5, 289)

Solutions

(6, 8, 196) ⇒ 6 + 8 = 14 ⇒ 14² = 196

(7, 6, 169) ⇒7 + 6 = 13 ⇒ 13² = 169

Similarly, (8, 9, 289) ⇒ 8 + 9 = 17 ⇒ 17² = 289

Hence, the correct answer is (8, 9, 289).

45. Select the set in which the numbers are related in the same way as the numbers of the following sets.

(NOTE: Operations should be performed on the whole numbers, without breaking down the numbers into their constituent digits. E.g. 13 – Operations on 13 such as adding /deleting /multiplying etc. to 13 can be performed. Breaking down 13 into 1 and 3 and then performing mathematical operations on 1 and 3 is not allowed.)
(18, 216, 432)

(16, 192, 384)

A. (24,168, 336)

B. (14,168, 336)

C. (22,158, 336)

D. (14,148, 324)

Solutions

18 × 12 = 216, 216 × 2 = 432

16 × 12 = 192, 192 × 2 = 384

Similarly, 14 × 12 = 168, 168 × 2 = 336

Hence, the correct answer is (14, 168, 336).

46. Select the option in which the numbers are related in the same way as the numbers in the given set.

(6, 40, 2)

A. (3, 12, 2)

B. (2, 20, 4)

C. (5, 25, 2)

D. (4, 21, 3)

Solutions

Logic: (square of first number) + (square of third number) = second number

(6, 40, 2) ⇒ (6)² + (2)² ⇒ 36 + 4 = 40

Similarly,

(2, 20, 4) ⇒ (2)² + (4)²⇒ 4 + 16 = 20

47. Which two signs should be interchanged to make the given equation correct?

729 + 27 × 45 – 115 ÷ 20 = 1120

A. + and –

B. ÷ and ×

C. + and ÷

D. × and +

Solutions

Given equation: 729 + 27 × 45 – 115 ÷ 20 = 1120

Option 3: + and ÷ (After interchanging signs);

(729 ÷ 27) × 45 – 115 + 20 = 1120

⇒ (27 × 45) – 115 + 20 = 1120

⇒ 1215 – 115 + 20 = 1120

⇒ 1235 – 115 = 1120

⇒ 1120 = 1120

48. Which two signs should be interchanged to balance the following equation?

95 × 19 + 5 ÷ 12 – 32 = 33

A. + and ÷

B. + and –

C. × and ÷

D. ÷ and –

Solutions

Given equation: 95 × 19 + 5 ÷ 12 – 32 = 33

Option 3: On interchanging × and ÷

(95 ÷ 19) + 5 × 12 – 32 = 33

⇒ 5 + (5 × 12) – 32 = 33

⇒ (5 + 60) – 32 = 33

⇒ 65 – 32 = 33

⇒ 33 = 33

49. Which two signs should be interchanged to make the given equation correct?

50 × 10 ÷ 5 + 9 – 3 = 29

A. 10 and 5

B. 50 and 3

C. 10 and 3

D. 5 and 9

Solutions

Given equation: 50 × 10 ÷ 5 + 9 – 3 = 29

Option 3: If we interchange 10 and 3 and simplify the equation using BODMAS we will get:

50 × (3 ÷ 5) + 9 – 10 = 29

⇒ (50 × 0.6) + 9 – 10 = 29

⇒ (30 + 9) – 10 = 29

⇒ 29 = 29

50. Ten people F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, and O are sitting in a double row. F, G, H, I, and J are facing north while K, L, M, N, and O are facing south. I sits second to the right of J who faces N and both don’t sit at the end. Only two people sit between N and M. K sits immediate left of O who doesn’t face G and H. G doesn’t face M.

Who among the following sits the immediate right of the one who faces N?

A. H

B. I

C. F

D. G

Solutions

1. I sits second to the right of J who faces N and both don’t sit at the end.

2. Only two people sit between N and M.

3. K sits immediate left of O who doesn’t face G and H.

4. G doesn’t face M.

Clearly, F sits the immediate right of the one who faces N.

Hence the correct answer is F.

English

51. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

I said to my boss, “I haven’t taken any leaves this month.”

A. I told my boss that he hadn’t taken any leaves that month.

B. I told my boss that I haven’t taken any leaves this month.

C. I told my boss that I hadn’t taken any leaves that month.

D. I told my boss that he hasn’t taken any leaves this month.

Solutions

Given Sentence (Direct Speech):

“I said to my boss, ‘I haven’t taken any leaves this month.'”

We need to convert this into indirect (reported) speech.

The correct answer is: ✅ I told my boss that I hadn’t taken any leaves that month.

52. Select the correct active/passive form of the given sentence.

The audience is raising a hue and cry and is breaking the chairs.

A. A hue and cry is being raised and the chairs are being broken by the audience.

B. Hue and cry and the chairs is being broken.

C. A hue and cry is being raised and the chairs is being broken by the audience.

D. A hue and cry are being raised and the chairs are being broken by the audience.

Solutions

Correct Answer: A hue and cry is being raised and the chairs are being broken by the audience.

Tense: Present Continuous → Passive = is/are being + V3
“A hue and cry” = singular → is being raised
“Chairs” = plural → are being broken

So, the correct passive form is:

“A hue and cry is being raised and the chairs are being broken by the audience.”

53. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

The teacher said, “Kaziranga National Park is in Assam.”

A. The teacher said to us that Kaziranga National Park is in Assam.

B. The teacher said that Kaziranga National Park is in Assam.

C. .he teacher says that Kaziranga National Park was in Assam.

D. The teacher told that Kaziranga National Park is in Assam.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The teacher said that Kaziranga National Park is in Assam.

The sentence is in assertive form with a universal truth/fact (Kaziranga is in Assam).
While changing to indirect speech, facts/truths remain in present tense.
Reporting verb “said” is followed by “that” (no object needed).

54. Choose the correct meaning of the underlined idioms and phrases from the alternatives given below.

She shed crocodile tears at her husband’s funeral.

A. unreal tears

B. to cry bitterly

C. to be unable to cry

D. a single teardrop

Solutions

Correct Answer: unreal tears

“Crocodile tears” means fake or insincere tears, not genuine sorrow.
It comes from the myth that crocodiles shed tears while eating their prey.

Final Meaning:

“She shed crocodile tears” = She pretended to be sad.

55. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. Cheese is produced and then sold from the small factory

B. store in typically a wheel or a block

C. And then it would be cut off and sold from there.

D. or farmstead that would go to the grocery

A. ABCD

B. ADBC

C. ACBD

D. ADCB

Solutions

Correct Answer: ADBC

Let’s look at the flow logically:

A. Cheese is produced and then sold from the small factory
➡ This sets the context — how cheese is made and sold.

D. or farmstead that would go to the grocery
➡ Continues the idea of where the cheese goes next.

B. store in typically a wheel or a block
➡ Explains how it is stored/formatted (should follow where it’s going).

C. And then it would be cut off and sold from there.
➡ Final step — how it’s served to the customer.

56. Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

The doctors of the reputed hospital displayed a nonchalant attitude towards the patients.

A. Adventurous

B. Apprehensive

C. Suspicious

D. Unconcerned

Solutions

Correct Answer: Unconcerned

Nonchalant means calm, indifferent, or showing a lack of concern.
In this sentence, it describes the doctors’ careless or indifferent attitude toward patients.

57. Identify the segment in the sentence, which contains the grammatical error.

He said that a rolling stone gathered /(A) no moss, that I’d never have a /(B) family if I spent my life touring with the band./(C) No error./(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

Correct Answer: A

Segment A: “a rolling stone gathered” is grammatically incorrect.
The correct form is: “a rolling stone gathers no moss”
→ This is a well-known proverb and should retain the simple present tense: gathers, not gathered.

Correct Sentence: He said that a rolling stone gathers no moss, that I’d never have a family if I spent my life touring with the band.

58. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.

DLF has built India’s tallest building in Gurgaon.

A. India’s tallest building is been build by DLF in Gurgaon.

B. India’s tallest building has been built by DLF in Gurgaon.

C. India’s tallest building have been built by DLF in Gurgaon.

D. India’s tallest building is being built by DLF in Gurgaon.

Solutions

Correct Answer: India’s tallest building has been built by DLF in Gurgaon.

Tense in Active Sentence: Present Perfect
“DLF has built…” = has + V3 (built)
Passive Voice Rule for Present Perfect:
has/have + been + V3

Correct Passive Structure: “has been built” (for singular subject: India’s tallest building)

59. Select the correct active/passive form of the given sentence.

Do not waste the hard-earned money.

A. Let the hard earn money not being wasted.

B. Let the hard earn money not be wasted.

C. Let the hard earned money not be wasted.

D. Let the hard earn money not been wasted.

Solutions

Correct Answer: Let the hard earned money not be wasted.

Active Voice: Do not waste the hard-earned money.
Passive Voice (imperative negative):
Let + object + not be + V3
Correct object form: hard-earned money (with -ed form)

Final Passive Sentence: Let the hard earned money not be wasted.

60. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

I veryseldomgo to watch movies.

A. rarely

B. never

C. always

D. frequently

Solutions

Correct Answer: frequently

“Seldom” means: rarely / not often
So, the opposite (antonym) would be: frequently (meaning often)

Other Options:

rarely – synonym
never – stronger negative, not an antonym
always – extreme opposite, but frequently is a more accurate antonym in usage

61. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.

Invite all your friends to the party.

A. Let all your friends be invited to the party.

B. Let all your friends invited to the party.

C. Let all your friends been invited to the party.

D. Let all your friends being invited to the party.

Solutions

Correct Answer: Let all your friends be invited to the party.

Active Voice (Imperative): Invite all your friends to the party.
Passive Voice of Imperative Sentences:
Let + object + be + V3
Here:
Object = all your friends
V3 of “invite” = invited
→ Let all your friends be invited…

62. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

She has a high level ofcompassion.

A. mercy

B. cruelty

C. kindness

D. leniency

Solutions

Correct Answer: cruelty

Compassion means kindness, sympathy, or concern for others’ suffering.
The opposite (antonym) of compassion is cruelty, which means a lack of empathy or being harsh and unkind.

Other Options:

Mercy – similar to compassion
Kindness – synonym
Leniency – also related to being soft/gentle

63. Indicate the correct Idioms and Phrases given in the options.

Sweeping Statement

A. Wonderful statement

B. Thoughtless statement

C. Inconsistent statement

D. Meaningless statement

Solutions

Correct Answer: Thoughtless statement

A sweeping statement is a broad, generalised statement that may not consider all facts or exceptions.
It is often made without careful thought and may be overstated or inaccurate.

Other Options:

Wonderful statement – Incorrect tone
Inconsistent statement – Not necessarily the same
Meaningless statement – Different from generalised or overreaching

64. Select the correct active form of the given sentence.

Perfection is sought by him in everything he does.

A. He is seeking perfection in everything he does.

B. He has sought perfection in everything he does.

C. He sought perfection in everything he did.

D. He seeks perfection in everything he does.

Solutions

Correct Answer: He seeks perfection in everything he does.

Passive Sentence: Perfection is sought by him…
→ Tense: Simple Present Passive (is + V3)
To convert to Active Voice (Simple Present):
Subject + V1 (base verb) + object
“is sought” → Active: “seeks” (Simple Present)

Other Options:

is seeking – Present Continuous
has sought – Present Perfect
sought – Simple Past

65. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

During his hostel life, he would eat all kinds of food without grumbling.

A. would eat all kinds of food without grumble.

B. used to eat all kinds of food without grumbling.

C. used to eat all kind of food without grumbling.

D. No improvement

Solutions

Correct Answer: used to eat all kinds of food without grumbling.

The sentence talks about a past habitual action (during his hostel life), so “used to” is more appropriate than “would” for clarity and correctness.
“used to eat” indicates a regular past habit.
“all kinds of food” is grammatically correct (plural “kinds” + plural “food”).

Incorrect Options:

“would eat all kinds of food without grumble” – “grumble” should be grumbling (noun form).
“used to eat all kind of food” – should be kinds of food (not kind).

66. Select the correct active form of the given sentence.

An amendment in the bill was being demanded by the farmers.

A. The farmers demanded an amendment in the bill.

B. The farmers were demanding an amendment in the bill.

C. The farmers had been demanding an amendment in the bill.

D. The farmers demand an amendment in the bill.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The farmers were demanding an amendment in the bill.

Passive Sentence: An amendment in the bill was being demanded by the farmers.
Tense: Past Continuous Passive → was being + V3
Convert to Active Voice (Past Continuous):
Subject + was/were + V1 + ing + object
Subject: The farmers
Verb: were demanding
Object: an amendment in the bill

67. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.

The villagers were harvesting the crop with great enthusiasm.

A. The crop is being harvest by the villagers with great enthusiasm.

B. The crop was harvested by the villagers with great enthusiasm.

C. The crop was being harvested by the villagers with great enthusiasm.

D. The crop has been harvested by the villagers with great enthusiasm.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The crop was being harvested by the villagers with great enthusiasm.

Active Sentence: The villagers were harvesting the crop…
Tense: Past Continuous
→ were + V1 + ing
Passive Structure for Past Continuous:
was/were being + V3
“were harvesting” becomes “was being harvested”
(since crop is singular → was)

68. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

The prime minister said, “We will work together for the development of the country.”

A. The prime minister said that they would work together for the development of the country.

B. The prime minister told that they would work together for the development of the country.

C. The prime minister said that they will work together for the development of the country.

D. The prime minister said that we had to work together for the development of the country.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The prime minister said that they would work together for the development of the country.

Direct Speech: “We will work together…”
Reporting Verb: said (past tense)
So, we need backshift of tense:
will → would
“We” (spoken by the PM) changes to “they” (reporting by someone else)

Incorrect Options:

“told that…” – “told” requires an object (e.g., told the reporters)
“will work…” – No tense change
“had to work…” – Changes meaning (obligation vs. intention)

69. Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

The teacher instructed the students to erase the unwanted lines.

A. delete

B. ignite

C. dilute

D. aerate

Solutions

Correct Answer: delete

Erase means to remove or wipe out something written, drawn, or recorded.
The most appropriate synonym in this context is delete (commonly used for removing written or digital content).

Other Options:

ignite – to set on fire

dilute – to make thinner or weaker

aerate – to introduce air into something

70. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

The agency has put an end to new efforts to dispose at hazardous waste in sensitive environmental areas.

A. to new efforts to dispose of hazardous

B. on new efforts to dispose at hazardous

C. to new effort to dispose with hazardous

D. No improvement

Solutions

Correct Answer: to new efforts to dispose of hazardous

The correct phrasal verb is “dispose of”, not “dispose at/with”.
“Efforts” should be plural to match “new efforts”.

Corrected Sentence: The agency has put an end to new efforts to dispose of hazardous waste in sensitive environmental areas.

71. In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Choose the correct word from the given options which fits the blank appropriately.

Netaji was placed under house____(21)____by the British government at his residence on Elgin Road, Kolkata.____(22)____the strict guard of the British government____(23)____January 18, 1941, heescapedby____(24)____the British police. His escape route from Kolkata was____(25)____by Satya Ranjan Bakshi of the Bengal Volunteer Corps.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 21

A. rule

B. arrest

C. dwell

D. check

Solutions

Correct Answer: arrest

The sentence is: “Netaji was placed under house ____ by the British government…”

The correct phrase is: “house arrest”, which means being confined to one’s home by the authorities instead of jail.
It’s a common term used for political leaders or activists under government restrictions.

72. In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Choose the correct word from the given options which fits the blank appropriately.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 22

A. After

B. Respite

C. Saving

D. Despite

Solutions

Correct Answer: Despite

The sentence is: “____ the strict guard of the British government…”

We need a word that shows contrast between the strict guard and the fact that he still escaped.

“Despite” means in spite of, which correctly shows this contrast.

73. In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Choose the correct word from the given options which fits the blank appropriately.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 23

A. in

B. by

C. on

D. at

Solutions

Correct Answer: on

The sentence is: “…the strict guard of the British government ____ January 18, 1941…”

When referring to a specific date, the correct preposition is “on”.

Usage Rule:

“on” is used for specific days and dates.
E.g., on Monday, on 15th August, on January 18, 1941

74. In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Choose the correct word from the given options which fits the blank appropriately.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 24

A. deceiving

B. lingering

C. defaming

D. delaying

Solutions

Correct Answer: deceiving

The sentence is: “…he escaped by ____ the British police.”

The correct word must explain how he managed to escape.
“Deceiving” means tricking or misleading – which fits perfectly in the context of an escape.

75. In the following passage there are blanks, each of which has been numbered. Choose the correct word from the given options which fits the blank appropriately.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank No. 25

A. planner

B. plan

C. planned

D. planning

Solutions

Correct Answer : planned

The sentence is: “His escape route from Kolkata was ____ by Satya Ranjan Bakshi…”

The sentence is in passive voice, so we need a past participle verb.
“was planned” = correct passive form of the verb plan.

76. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

Rajan said to me, “I will call you if I come to Delhi.”

A. Rajan told me that he would have called me if he came to Delhi.

B. Rajan told me that he will call me if he comes to Delhi.

C. Rajan told me that he would call me if he comes to Delhi.

D. Rajan told me that he would call me if he came to Delhi.

Solutions

Correct Answer: Rajan told me that he would call me if he came to Delhi.

Direct Speech: “I will call you if I come to Delhi.”
Reporting verb “said to” becomes “told” in indirect speech (with an object like “me”).
Tense change (backshifting) is required because the reporting verb is in the past.

Tense Changes in Indirect Speech:

will → would

come → came

77. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

Milind said, “I had reached the beach before the dawn.”

A. Milind said that he had reached the beach before the dawn.

B. Milind said that he had been reached the beach before the dawn.

C. Milind said that he had to reach the beach before the dawn.

D. Milind said that he has reached the beach before the dawn.

Solutions

Correct Answer: Milind said that he had reached the beach before the dawn.

Direct Sentence: Milind said, “I had reached the beach before the dawn.”
The reporting verb is “said” and the verb in the quoted speech is already in past perfect (had reached).
In indirect speech, past perfect remains unchanged.

78. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. I am feeling a little bit unlucky because

B. here in Sydney, not to mention in Australia.

C. the opera house appears to be closed for the day

D. that’s very unfortunate because actually, it is one of the main attractions

A. ADCB

B. ADBC

C. ACDB

D. ABDC

Solutions

Correct Answer: ADCB

Correct Order Breakdown:

A. I am feeling a little bit unlucky because
→ This is the opening sentence and sets the tone.

D. that’s very unfortunate because actually, it is one of the main attractions
→ Explains why the speaker feels unlucky.

C. the opera house appears to be closed for the day
→ Gives the reason for the misfortune.

B. here in Sydney, not to mention in Australia.
→ Adds detail about the location and emphasizes the importance of the opera house.

Final Sequence: A → D → C → B

79. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

A group of ancient Roman mosaics dating from the second century CE were hidden under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia. Archaeologists discovered the stunning mosaic floors in February before the city began construction on sewage and water pipes. The mosaic was found along Middle Street, a narrow, 65-foot-long cobblestone thoroughfare that runs through the ancient city centre, during an excavation led by Marina Ugarković, a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb, and the Stari Grad Museum. “The mosaics are decorated with multicolour geometric and floral motifs and are of superior workmanship,” Vilma Matulić, a conservator at the museum, said in a statement shared with Hyperallergic. “We will have a better insight into the purpose of this luxurious building of the Roman Faria after the analysis and interpretation of archaeological finds and after merging all the plans of rooms with mosaic floors under surrounding houses, which were excavated in previous decades.”

The historical centre of Stari Grad was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008, along with its surrounding agricultural region. Ancient Greeks arrived near Stari Grad in the fourth century BCE, founding a city called Pharos and a complex farming site. They developed an advanced agricultural system that involved catching and using rainwater, and the geometric division of the farmland is still visible today in the rock walls of Stari Grad Plain. Since the fourth century BCE, the land has been continually used to grow olives and grapes. The surrounding towns, like Stari Grad, boomed throughout the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, but in the early 1900s, a disease afflicted the region’s grapes and caused mass emigration. Half a century later, tourism revived the region.

Where were the ancient Roman mosaic hidden?

B. under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia.

A. under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Malta.

C. under the village streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia.

D. under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Bridge in Croatia.

Solutions

Correct Answer: under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia.

From the passage: “A group of ancient Roman mosaics dating from the second century CE were hidden under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia.”

“city streets” – correct
“Stari Grad” – correct
“Hvar Island” – correct
“Croatia” – correct

80. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Who led the exacavation?

A. Stari Grad

B. Vilma Matulić

C. Roman Faria

D. Marina Ugarković

Solutions

Correct Answer: Marina Ugarković

From the passage: “…during an excavation led by Marina Ugarković, a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb, and the Stari Grad Museum.”

Marina Ugarković is clearly mentioned as the one who led the excavation.

81. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which of the following statements is correct about Vilma Matulić?

A. She has made the ancient Roman mosaics

B. She was a conservator of the museum

C. She was the leader of the excavation

D. None of the above

Solutions

Correct Answer: She was a conservator of the museum

From the passage: “…Vilma Matulić, a conservator at the museum, said in a statement…”

This clearly tells us her role was that of a conservator, not the maker or leader.

82. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which of the following statements regarding “Marina Ugarkovi” is true?

A. She was a conservator of the Museum

B. She was a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb

C. She is the president of Crotia

D. None of the above

Solutions

Correct Answer: She was a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb

From the passage: “…during an excavation led by Marina Ugarković, a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb…”

This confirms her role clearly.

83. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

When was Stari Grad’s historic centre designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site?

A. 2008

B. 1979

C. 2009

D. 2010

Solutions

Correct Answer: 2008

Explanation: From the passage:

“The historical centre of Stari Grad was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008, along with its surrounding agricultural region.”

This clearly states the correct year.

84. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

When did the Ancient Greeks arrive near Stari Grad?

A. Third century AD

B. Third century BCE

C. Fourth century BCE

D. Second century AD

Solutions

Correct Answer: Fourth century BCE

Explanation: From the passage:

“Ancient Greeks arrived near Stari Grad in the fourth century BCE, founding a city called Pharos and a complex farming site.”

This clearly provides the correct timeframe.

85. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which fruits were cultivated in the described farmland after the fourth century?

A. Olive and apples

B. Olives and pomegrantes

C. Olives and grapes

D. Olives and oranges

Solutions

Correct Answer: Olives and grapes

Explanation: From the passage:

“Since the fourth century BCE, the land has been continually used to grow olives and grapes.”

This clearly identifies the two fruits cultivated on the farmland.

86. Select the correct active/passive form of the given sentence.

The selection committee is looking over the resume.

A. The resume is being looked over by the selection committee.

B. The resume was being looking over by the selection committee

C. The resume has been looking over by the selection committee.

D. The resume is being looking over by the selection committee.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The resume is being looked over by the selection committee.

Active Voice: The selection committee is looking over the resume.
Tense: Present Continuous
Verb Phrase: is looking over (phrasal verb)

Passive Voice Rule for Present Continuous:

is/are + being + past participle (V3)

“look over” → looked over (V3)

So, correct passive form:

The resume is being looked over by the selection committee.

87. Choose the correct meaning of the underlined idioms and phrases from the alternatives given below.

His remarks have only fanned the flame of his hatred.

A. to diminish

B. to be the cause

C. to come to nothing

D. to intensify feelings

Solutions

Correct Answer: to intensify feelings

The idiom “fanned the flame” means to make a situation more intense, especially emotions like anger, hatred, or conflict.
In the sentence, “His remarks have only fanned the flame of his hatred,” it means his words increased the hatred, not reduced it.

88. Identify the segment in the sentence, which contains the grammatical error.

She might forget her /(A) completely had it not /(B) been for recurrent nightmares. /(C) No error. /(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

Correct Answer: B

The sentence is: “She might forget her (A) completely had it not (B) been for recurrent nightmares. (C)”

The error lies in part B — specifically in the phrase:
“forget her completely had it not…”

It should be:
“might have forgotten her completely, had it not been…”

Because:

This is a third conditional sentence (unreal past condition), so the correct structure is:
“would/might have + past participle”
with “had it not been…” as the conditional clause.

89. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. Bayern is a magnificent state in Germany and Munich is its capital

B. the real feel for the future and some crazy innovation.

C. but at the same time, tourists can come here to get

D. Munich is famous for its history of buildings and markets that are hundreds of years old

A. ABDC

B. ACDB

C. ABCD

D. ADCB

Solutions

Correct Answer: ABDC

Correct Order Breakdown:

A. Bayern is a magnificent state in Germany and Munich is its capital
→ Introduces the topic.

B. the real feel for the future and some crazy innovation.
→ Seems like a continuation, but is actually better suited after talking about the historic elements.

D. Munich is famous for its history of buildings and markets that are hundreds of years old
→ Provides historical background, connects well after A.

C. but at the same time, tourists can come here to get
→ Leads into B naturally when followed by “the real feel for the future…”

So the best logical and grammatical order is:
A → D → C → B

90. Given here are five sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. Cloth dyers, however, preferred indigo as a dye Indigo

B. produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.

C. The French began cultivating indigo in St Domingue in the Caribbean islands, the Portuguese in Brazil, the English in Jamaica, and the
Spanish in Venezuela.

D.By the seventeenth century, European cloth producers persuaded their governments to relax the ban on indigo import.

E. Indigo plantations also came up in many parts of North America.

A. ABCDE

B. ABDCE

C. ACBDE

D. AEBCD

Solutions

Correct Answer: ABDCE

Explanation of Correct Order:

A. Cloth dyers, however, preferred indigo as a dye Indigo
→ This is the starting point, already given in correct order.

B. …produced a rich blue colour, whereas the dye from woad was pale and dull.
→ This gives the reason for the preference mentioned in sentence A.

D. By the seventeenth century, European cloth producers persuaded their governments to relax the ban on indigo import.
→ This shows the consequence of the preference for indigo.

C. The French began cultivating indigo in St Domingue…
→ Follows logically after governments relaxed the ban (D), showing the expansion of indigo cultivation.

E. Indigo plantations also came up in many parts of North America.
→ A further continuation of point C, reinforcing the spread of indigo plantations.

91. Select the correct active/passive form of the given sentence.

PM Modi announced a complete lockdown.

A. A complete lockdown had been announced by PM Modi.

B. A complete lockdown was announced by PM Modi.

C. A complete lockdown announced by PM Modi.

D. A complete lockdown has been announced by PM Modi.

Solutions

Correct Answer: A complete lockdown was announced by PM Modi.

Active Voice:

PM Modi announced a complete lockdown.
Tense: Simple Past → Verb: announced

Passive Voice Rule for Simple Past:

was/were + past participle (V3)

So the correct passive form: A complete lockdown was announced by PM Modi.

92. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

By the time you get(A)/ home, I will clean the(B)/ house from top to bottom.(C)/ No error (D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

Correct Answer: B

The sentence is: “By the time you get (A)/ home, I will clean the (B)/ house from top to bottom. (C)”

The error lies in Part B: “I will clean the”

Correct Future Perfect Tense:

Since the sentence begins with “By the time you get home,” the second clause should be in future perfect tense:
“I will have cleaned…” (not “I will clean”)

93. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

The child said to his mother, “I want to take the ropeway ride.”

A. The child asked his mother if he could take the ropeway ride.

B. The child told his mother that he wants to take the ropeway ride.

C. The child told his mother that he wanted to take the ropeway ride.

D. The child told his mother that he would like to take the ropeway ride.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The child told his mother that he wanted to take the ropeway ride.

Direct Speech: The child said to his mother, “I want to take the ropeway ride.”

Rules for Changing to Indirect Speech:

“said to” becomes “told” (when there’s an object: his mother)
Present tense “want” changes to past tense “wanted” in indirect speech
Pronouns also change: “I” → “he”

94. Identify the segment in the sentence, which contains the grammatical error.

Would you be less delighted /(A) with our product, we will /(B) refund your money immediately. /(C) No error /(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

Correct Answer: B

The sentence is: “Would you be less delighted (A)/ with our product, we will (B)/ refund your money immediately. (C)”

Error in Part B:

The sentence is a conditional sentence, using “would” in the if-clause, which is incorrect.
Correct structure for conditional type 2 (unreal present condition):
If + past tense, would + base verb

Correct Sentence: If you are less delighted with our product, we will refund your money immediately.

95. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.

My brother studies English in India’s best coaching institute.

A. English is being studied by my brother in India’s best coaching institute.

B. English has been studied by my brother in India’s best coaching institute.

C. English is studying by my brother in India’s best coaching institute.

D. English is studied by my brother in India’s best coaching institute.

Solutions

Correct Answer: English is studied by my brother in India’s best coaching institute.

Active Voice: My brother studies English in India’s best coaching institute.

Tense: Simple Present
Structure: Subject + Verb (V1+s/es) + Object

Passive Voice Rule for Simple Present: Object + is/are + past participle (V3) + by + subject

“English” → singular → use is
“studies” → past participle → studied

96. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Select the correct statements.

a. In the early 1900s, a disease afflicted the region’s grapes

b. The disease resulted in int mass emigration.

c. Tourism revied the emigrated region

d. Since the fifth century BCE, the land has been continually used to grow olives and grapes.

A. a,b and c

B. a,b c and d

C. a and b

D. only a

Solutions

Correct Answer: a, b and c

a. “In the early 1900s, a disease afflicted the region’s grapes” Correct

From the passage: “…but in the early 1900s, a disease afflicted the region’s grapes…”

b. “The disease resulted in mass emigration.” Correct

Passage says: “…and caused mass emigration.”

c. “Tourism revived the emigrated region.” Correct

Passage: “Half a century later, tourism revived the region.”
(Slight change in wording, but the meaning remains valid.)

d. “Since the fifth century BCE, the land has been continually used to grow olives and grapes.” ❌ Incorrect

Passage states: “Since the fourth century BCE…”

97. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Select the option that correctly matches the words from the passage with their meanings.

a. Archeology	1. the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites
b. emigration	2. the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another
c. afflicted	3. cause pain or trouble to

A. a-2,b-1,c-3

B. a-1,b-2,c-3

C. a-2,b-3,c-1

D. a-3,b-2,c-1

Solutions

The correct answer is “a-1,b-2,c-3 “

Let’s look at the meaning of the given words:
- Archaeology- the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites
  - Example: She has studied archaeology
- Emigration- the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another
  - Example: This has caused increased emigration of the rural population to towns and cities.
- afflicted – cause pain or trouble to someone.
  - Example: his younger child was afflicted with a skin disease

98. Fill in the blank with the correct article.

We have had over ____ dozen applicants.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. No article

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘a’

In the given blank, we have to use an indefinite article ‘a’
According to grammar, We need to write a unit before the price or speed. It’s written to explain how much is the quantity.
Let’s see some examples-
- A hundred dollars.
- A dozen oranges.
- two pounds a dozen

So the correct sentence is-We have had over adozen applicants.

99. Select the correct active form of the given sentence.

Was he not informed about today’s meeting?

A. Was he not informing them about today’s meeting?

B. Does he not inform them about today’s meeting?

C. Did they not inform him about today’s meeting?

D. Have they not informed him about today’s meeting?

Solutions

Correct Answer: Did they not inform him about today’s meeting?

Given sentence (Passive voice): “Was he not informed about today’s meeting?”

Tense: Past Simple (Passive)
Structure: was + past participle (informed)

Active Voice Conversion Rule:

Passive: Was he not informed…?
→ Active: Did + subject + not + base verb…?

So:
“Did they not inform him about today’s meeting?”

100. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

When the soldiers got(A)/ lost in the jungle, their only(B)/ means of survival were to eat berries./(C) No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘C’

In part C of the sentence, the usage of ‘were’ is incorrect instead use ‘was’
According to the rule of grammar,Some nouns always end in -s and look as if they are plural, but when we use them as the subject they have a singular verb. The nouns are Economics, linguistics, mathematics, phonetics, physics, means, diabetes, measles, rabies, etc.
Let’s see an example-
- The news from the Middle East seems very encouraging.

Hence, the correct sentence is –When the soldiers got lost in the jungle, their only means of survival was to eat berries .

101. Choose the correct form of the verb in the following sentences out of the four options.

If you _______ hard, you _____ pass.

A. will work hard, would

B. would have work, would

C. work, will

D. worked, had to

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘work, will’

According to grammar, the first conditional tense is used to show the condition is in the present and the result will be in the future.
So the structure will be- If + present simple tense, Subject + Future simple tense.
Let’s see an example-
- If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the beach.

So the correct sentence is – If you work hard, you will pass.

102. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. This is the Residenz and actually, I have just learned

B. which is very impressive given the fact the first structure

C. was built in 1395 and it continued being bigger and bigger and bigger.

D. that this is the largest city palace in all of Germany.

A. ABCD

B. ADBC

C. ACDB

D. ADCB

Solutions

The correct answer is “ADBC”

It is given in the question that the first sentence is in the correct order:
- This is the Residenz and actually, I have just learned
The next sentence will be D because it describes that the place is the largest palace in Germany
- that this is the largest city palace in all of Germany.
The next sentence will be B because it describes the impressiveness of the place
- which is very impressive given the fact the first structure
The last sentence will be C because it completes the previous sentence
- was built in 1395 and it continued being bigger and bigger and bigger.

Hence, the correct passage: A. This is the Residenz and actually, I have just learned D. that this is the largest city palace in all of Germany. B. which is very impressive given the fact the first structure C. was built in 1395 and it continued being bigger and bigger and bigger.

103. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In which month did the Archeologist discover the mosaic?

A. January

B. February

C. March

D. April

Solutions

The correct answer is “February”

When you read the 1st paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:

A group of ancient Roman mosaics dating from the second century CE were hidden under the city streets of Stari Grad, on the idyllic Hvar Island in Croatia. Archaeologists discovered the stunning mosaic floors in February before the city began construction on sewage and water pipes. The mosaic was found along Middle Street, a narrow, 65-foot-long cobblestone thoroughfare that runs through the ancient city centre, during an excavation led by Marina Ugarković, a research associate at the Institute of Archeology in Zagreb, and the Stari Grad Museum. “The mosaics are decorated with multicolour geometric and floral motifs and are of superior workmanship,” Vilma Matulić, a conservator at the museum, said in a statement shared with Hyperallergic. “We will have a better insight into the purpose of this luxurious building of the Roman Faria after the analysis and interpretation of archaeological finds and after merging all the plans of rooms with mosaic floors under surrounding houses, which were excavated in previous decades.”

Hence, the correct answer is “option 2”

104. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

One should learn to defend himself against bullies.

A. to defend oneself

B. defend himself

C. to defending itself

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘to defend oneself’

The given phrase is to be replaced with ‘to defend oneself’
According to grammar, whenever a sentence starts with ‘one’ we need to continue with it further in the sentence. Hence, for the noun ‘one’ we need to use the pronoun ‘oneself’.
Let’s see an example-
- One has to learn to control oneself.

So the correct sentence is-One should learn to defend oneself against bullies.

105. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. Hernandez started his career with Atlético Madrid where he made more than 100 competitive appearances,

B. He signed for Bayern in 2019, winning the Bundesliga, DFB-Pokal and Champions League in his first season as part of a treble.

C. reaching the 2016 UEFA Champions League Final, he also won the 2018 Europa League and the Super Cup in the same year.

D. A French international since 2018, Hernandez was part of the winning squad at the 2018 FIFA World Cup and also participated in UEFA Euro 2020.

A. ACBD

B. ACDB

C. ADBC

D. ADCB

Solutions

The correct answer is “ACBD”

We will follow the dates in the following question.
It is given in the question that the first sentence is in the correct order:
- Hernandez started his career with Atlético Madrid where he made more than 100 competitive appearances,
The next sentence will be C because it describes the tournament of 2016
- reaching the 2016 UEFA Champions League Final, he also won the 2018 Europa League and the Super Cup in the same year.
The next sentence will be B because it describes the new signing of Hernandez in 2019
- He signed for Bayern in 2019, winning the Bundesliga, DFB-Pokal, and Champions League in his first season as part of a treble.
The last sentence will be D because it states the tournament of 2020
- A French international since 2018, Hernandez was part of the winning squad at the 2018 FIFA World Cup and also participated in UEFA Euro 2020.

Hence, the correct passage: A. Hernandez started his career with Atlético Madrid where he made more than 100 competitive appearances, C. reaching the 2016 UEFA Champions League Final, and he also won the 2018 Europa League and the Super Cup in the same year. B. He signed for Bayern in 2019, winning the Bundesliga, DFB-Pokal, and Champions League in his first season as part of a treble. D. A French international since 2018, Hernandez was part of the winning squad at the 2018 FIFA World Cup and also participated in UEFA Euro 2020.

106. Fill in the blank with the correct article.

She earned ___ MBA before coming to Walden for her Ph.D.

A. an

B. a

C. the

D. No article

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘an’

According to grammar, ‘”An” is used when the noun that follows begins with a vowel sound.’
Let’s see some examples-
- an elephant, an American, an MBA (Note that “MBA” starts with a consonant, but the first sound is /Ɛ/ or a short “e” sound. Therefore, “an” instead of “a” is used here.)

So the correct sentence is- She earned an MBA before coming to Walden for Her Ph.D.

107. Fill in the blank with the correct tense.

He ________ the operation by may and should be a lot fitter then.

A. will have had

B. will have have

C. have had

D. will have

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘will have had’

The sentence is: “He ________ the operation by May and should be a lot fitter then.”

We are talking about an action that will already be completed by a future point in time (by May).
This calls for the Future Perfect Tense, which is:

Subject + will have + past participle (V3)

Correct sentence: “He will have had the operation by May and should be a lot fitter then.”

108. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

Russian scientists have shown that honey can be prevented the growth of bacteria.

A. can prevented

B. can be prevent

C. can prevent

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘can prevent’

The underlined phrase is to be replaced with ‘can prevent’
In the given sentence, ‘that’ is a conjunction and it is a clause so the subject of this clause is ‘honey’ hence, we don’t need to use ‘the passive voice’ because the subject has already been mentioned.
We use the passive voice when the subject of the sentence is not mentioned, here in the sentence the speaker wants to say that ‘honey’ is the material that is used to prevent the growth of bacteria. Hence, it is the subject that will perform the action.

So the correct sentence is-Russian scientists have shown that honey can prevent the growth of bacteria.

109. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. And whilst I am just sitting here peacefully enjoying

B. this beautiful cloudy and blue sky,

C. favourite poems since I am in the city of poetry by Mark Twain.

D. beneath this beautiful sky, I thought I would share with you a quote from one of my

A. ADBC

B. ACDB

C. ABDC

D. ABCD

Solutions

The correct answer is “ABDC”

It is given in the question that the first sentence is in the correct order:
- And whilst I am just sitting here peacefully enjoying
The next sentence will be B because it completes the previous sentence- “peacefully enjoying this beautiful cloudy sky”
- this beautiful cloudy and blue sky,
The next sentence will be D because it tells what the speaker is doing below the sky
- beneath this beautiful sky , I thought I would share with you a quote from one of my
The last sentence will be C because it completes the previous sentence “one of my favourite poems”
- favourite poems since I am in the city of poetry by Mark Twain.

Hence, the correct passage: A. And whilst I am just sitting here peacefully enjoying B. this beautiful cloudy and blue sky, D. beneath this beautiful sky, I thought I would share with you a quote from one of my C. favourite poems since I am in the city of poetry by Mark Twain.

110. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

The fire caused serious injuries to the group of houses.

A. serious damages to the group of houses.

B. serious damage to the group of houses.

C. serious injury to the group of houses.

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘serious damage to the group of houses.’

The underlined phrase is to be replaced with ‘serious damage to the group of houses.’
In the given sentence, the harm will be done to ‘houses’ hence ‘damage’ is the correct word because it means ‘inflict or damage upon’ something not someone.
Let’s see an example-
- The snow damaged the roof.
‘Injury’ is happened to someone. It means ‘Any physical damage to the body’

So the correct sentence is-The fire caused serious damage to the group of houses.

111. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Renault, in full Régie Nationale Des Usines Renault, is a famous French automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer. Controlled by the French government, it is the country’s largest manufacturer and exporter of motor vehicles. Headquarters are in Boulogne-Billancourt. The original firm, Renault Frères (“Renault Brothers”), was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand after the young mechanic had built his first minicar at home. That first model incorporated direct transmission, then an automotive novelty. The firm received its first orders in 1899 and soon became a leader in the industry. Early cars built by the Renault brothers won many prestigious racing competitions.

In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944, the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

In 1979 Renault signed an agreement with American Motors Corporation that called for AMC dealers to sell Renault cars in the United States while Renault would market AMC cars in Europe. A year later Renault became the principal stockholder in AMC.

Which of the following is related to the 1st battle of Marne?

A. World War I

B. World War II

C. German-Indian War

D. Renault and AMC war

Solutions

The correct answer is “World War I”

When you read the 2nd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:
- In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944, the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

Hence, the correct answer is “option 1”

112. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Select the correct statements according to the given passage.

a. During World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne.

b. Paris was liberated in 1944

c. Paris was liberated in 1950

d. Renault manufactured light tanks.

A. a, b and d

B. a, b, c and d

C. a, b, and c

D. only c

Solutions

The correct answer is “a, b and d”

When you read the 2nd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:
- In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944 , the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

Hence, the correct answer is “option 1”

113. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Select the option that correctly matches the words from the passage with their meanings.

a. prestigious	1. (of property) taken or seized with authority.
b. novelty	2. having high status
c. confiscated	3. the quality of being new,

A. a-3, b-1, c-2

B. a-3, b-2, c-1

C. a-2, b-3, c-1

D. a-1, b-2, c-3

Solutions

The correct answer is “a-2, b-3, c-1”

Let’s look at the meaning of the given words:
- prestigious- having high status
  - Example: IIT Madras is a prestigious college
- novelty- the quality of being new,
  - Example: Smartphone is not a novelty nowadays.
- confiscate- (of property) taken or seized with authority.
  - Example: The courtroom was confiscated

114. Choose the correct meaning of the underlined idioms and phrases from the alternatives given below.

John is a good hand at carpentry

A. to be an expert at something

B. to be a cheerful worker

C. to be a constant source of amusement

D. to be a helpful person

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘to be an expert at something’

Let’s see the meaning of the given idioms-
- Good hand- managed or cared for with great attention.
- Let’s see an example-
  - You’ll be in good hands with her because she’s a terrific lawyer.
So, the correct answer is Option 1.

115. Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.

I think we need to come up with certain beneficial plans to solve the problem.

A. favourable

B. simple

C. soft

D. affordable

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘ favourable .’

Let us see the meaning of Beneficial:
- Beneficial: having a good or useful effect, producing good results or helpful effects. (लाभकारी, हितकर, फ़ायदेमंद)
  - Example: Moderate exercise is reallybeneficial.
Let us see the meanings of the given options:
- Favourable: (often used about the weather) suitable or helpful. (उपयुक्त या सहायक)
  - Example : The new play got manyfavourablereviews.
- Simple: easy to understand, do or use; not difficult or complicated. (सरल)
- Soft: smooth and pleasant to touch; not rough. (छूने में चिकना और सुहाना लगने वाला; खुरदरा या रूखा नहीं, मसृण)
- A ffordable : able to be bought or rented by people who do not earn a lot of money. (आर्थिक पहुँच के भीतर)
From the meanings of the given words, we can say that the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word “beneficial” is ‘favourable.’
Hence, the correct answer is Option 1.

116. Choose the correct meaning of the underlined idioms and phrases from the alternatives given below.

His stern face threw cold water on all my hopes.

A. to encourage

B. to discourage

C. to make possible

D. to laugh at

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘to discourage’

Let’s see the meaning of the given idiom-

Threw cold water- to be negative about someone’s ideas or plans.

Let’s see an example-

You’re always throwing cold water on my suggestions.

So the correct answer is Option 2.

117. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

In the security video, (A)/ the burglars are seen (B)/ entered the bank through a window. (C) No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘C’

In part C of the sentence, the usage of ‘entered’ is incorrect Instead, use ‘entering’
In the given sentence, the verb ‘entered’ is used as a passive voice but the doer of the verb is already mentioned in the sentence that is ‘the burglars’ hence, we don’t need to use the passive voice in the sentence hence, use ‘the present participle form of the verb’ i.e. ‘entering’

So the correct sentence is-In the security video, the burglars are seen entering the bank through a window.

118. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

He had better(A)/ not late again(B)/ or he’ll be in trouble.(C) No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘B’

In part B of the sentence , the usage of ‘be’ is missing hence, add ‘be late’ instead of ‘late’
According to grammar, ‘had better’ is a modal verb and we use it when we want to express particular urgency and in demands and threats.
Also, when we use the modal verbs/auxiliary verbs after them we always use the main verb but in the given sentence ‘late’ is an adverb hence, add the form of ‘be’ in the sentence.
Let’s see an example-
- We had better get a taxi. (‘had better’ is a modal verb and ‘get’ is the main verb.)

So the correct sentence is-He had better not be late again or he’ll be in trouble.

119. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

The government said, “Strict lockdown curbs have been extended till mid-May.”

A. The government said that strict lockdown curbs were extended till mid-may.

B. The government said that strict lockdown curbs had extended till mid-may.

C. The government said that strict lockdown curbs had been extended till mid-may.

D. The government said that strict lockdown curbs have been extended till mid-may.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The government said that strict lockdown curbs had been extended till mid-May.

Direct Speech: The government said, “Strict lockdown curbs have been extended till mid-May.”

Rules for Indirect Speech:

Reporting verb “said” is in the past tense, so the tense in reported speech changes.
Present Perfect (“have been extended”) changes to Past Perfect (“had been extended”)
Pronouns/dates stay the same if still valid.

120. Given here are four sentences. The first sentence is in the correct order, while the rest of the sentences are jumbled. Pick the option that gives the correct order.

A. The idea of using a dam to control the river

B. means you create a basin that fills up Behind the dam,

C. an artificial lake or reservoir is formed.

D. Whenever the river flow surges the reservoir can contain the excess river water.

A. ABCD

B. ADBC

C. ACBD

D. ABDC

Solutions

The correct answer is ” ABCD “

It is given in the question that the first sentence is in the correct order:
- The idea of using a dam to control the river
The next sentence will be B because it describes the meaning of the word dam
- means you create a basin that fills up Behind the dam,
The next sentence will be C because it describes a lake is formed when we build a dam
- an artificial lake or reservoir is formed.
The last sentence will be D because it states what happens when flow surges
- Whenever the river flow surges the reservoir can contain the excess river water.

Hence, the correct passage: A. The idea of using a dam to control river B. means you create a basin that fills up Behind the dam, C. an artificial lake or reservoir is formed. D. Whenever the river flow surges the reservoir can contain the excess river water.

121. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

After (71) _________ for three consecutive months, India’s retail (72) _________ accelerated to 7% in August 2022. A major factor (73) ________ this (74) ________ was a reversal in retail food inflation which (75) ________ to 6.7% in July (76) _______ went up again to 7.6% in August. In turn, the surge (77) ________ food inflation was due to (78) _________ cereal prices which (79) __________ to 9.5% in August – the highest (80) ________ February 2014.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 71.

A. decelerate

B. decelerating

C. decelerated

D. accelerating

Solutions

The correct answer is decelerating

In the first blank of the passage, ‘ decelerating ‘ will be used.
The marked word decelerating means to decrease the rate of progress of .
- Ex: The train began to decelerate .
The sentence describes the decrease for continuous three months.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is decelerating .

122. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 72.

A. deflation

B. decrement

C. inflation

D. diminution

Solutions

The correct answer is inflation

In the second blank of the passage, ‘ inflation ‘ will be used.
The marked word inflation means a general rise in prices; the rate at which prices rise
- Ex: The government has been unable to control inflation .
The sentence describes the increase in inflation after a decrease for continuous three months.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is inflation.

123. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 73.

A. before

B. after

C. behind

D. of

Solutions

The correct answer is behind

In the third blank of the passage, ‘ behind ‘ will be used.
The marked word behind is used as a preposition which means in the background of (की पृष्ठभूमि में ).
- Ex: There are many conditions behind the strike.
The sentence describes the major reason in the background for high inflation being observed.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is behind .

124. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 74.

A. fall

B. uptick

C. decline

D. loss

Solutions

The correct answer is uptick

In the fourth blank of the passage, ‘ uptick ‘ will be used.
The marked word uptick means an increase, rise, or upward trend (इजाफा).
- Ex: An uptick in foreign tourism was observed.
The sentence describes the major reason for the increase or uptick in food inflation.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is uptick .

125. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 75.

A. declined

B. declining

C. decline

D. increased

Solutions

The correct answer is declined

In the fifth blank of the passage, ‘ declined ‘ will be used.
The word decline means to become less in amount (क्षीण होना).
- Ex:The price of the stock declined .
The sentence describes that the increase observed in food inflation was a reversal in food inflation which was decreasing in July.
Was is used which tells the sentence is in past tense so the past form of the verb decline will be used i.e. declined .
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is declined .

126. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 76.

A. and

B. so

C. then.

D. but

Solutions

The correct answer is but

In the sixth blank of the passage, ‘but‘ will be used.
The word but is a conjunction that means on the contrary; on the other hand .
- Ex:He was called but he did not answer .
The sentence describes that there was a decline in inflation in July but an increase in August.
Both the above things are contrary to each other.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is but .

127. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 77.

A. of

B. in

C. with

D. from

Solutions

The correct answer is in.

In the seventh blank of the passage, ‘in‘ will be used.
The word in is a preposition that is used as a function word to indicate inclusion, location, or position within limits.
- Ex:There is a boat in the lake .
The sentence the indication is on inflation in food items.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is in.

128. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 78.

A. rose

B. raise

C. rising

D. rise

Solutions

The correct answer is rising

In the eighth blank of the passage, ‘ rising ‘ will be used.
The word rise means to increase in quantity or number (वृद्धि).
- Ex:There was a sharp rise in the price of sugar .
The sentence indicates that the prices of cereals were increasing.
Since the activity is going on so -ing from of the verb rise will be used i.e. rising .
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is rising .

129. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 79.

A. quick

B. quicken

C. quickening

D. quickened

Solutions

The correct answer is quickened

In the ninth blank of the passage, ‘ quickened ‘ will be used.
The word quicken means to make more rapid; accelerate (तीव्र हो जाना या कर दे ना).
- Ex:She quickened her steps.
The sentence indicates that the prices of cereals were increasing rapidly to 9.5% in August.
Since the 9.5% increase is already achieved it means the verb should be in the past tense.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is quickened.

130. In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the options given. Select the most appropriate option for each number.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank no. 80.

A. since

B. in

C. of

D. for

Solutions

The correct answer is since

In the last blank of the passage, ‘ since ‘ will be used.
The word since (preposition) means in the period after a specified time in the past; from a specified time in the past .
- Ex:She hasn’t spoken to him since last year.
The sentence indicates that the prices of cereals at 9.5% in August have been the highest since February 2014.
As per the context of the sentence, the most appropriate filler to be used is since.

131. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

I identified with Denzel Washington not only as an actor and also as a person.

A. not only as an actor but also as a person.

B. only as an actor but also as a person.

C. not only as an actor and as a person.

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘not only as an actor but also as a person.’

The given phrase is to be replaced with ‘not only as an actor but also as a person.’
According to grammar, ‘not only…but also’ are correlative pairs of conjunction. If we use nouns/pronouns/tense, etc after the ‘not only’ then, we need to use the same type of tense/noun/pronoun, etc after the ‘but also’ as used in the sentence.
Let’s see an example-
- The car not only is economical but also feels good to drive.

So the correct sentence is-I identified with Denzel Washington not only as an actor but also as a person.

132. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

In the circumstances, I look forward to receiving your client’s cheque for the sum of £570 within the next seven days.

A. look forward to receive client’s cheque

B. look forward receiving your clients cheque

C. look forward to receiving client cheque

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘No improvement’

The underlined phrase doesn’t need any improvement.
According to grammar, with phrases like ‘look forward to’, ‘accustomed to’, etc. We always use a gerund hence, the usage of ‘receiving’ is correct in the phrase.
Also, the usage of ‘client’s’ is correct we need to show the possession of ‘cheque’.

So the correct sentence is- In the circumstances, I look forward to receiving your client’s cheque for the sum of £570 within the next seven days.

133. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.

Chhattisgarh organised the first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ in January 2020.

A. The first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ was organised by Chhattisgarh in January 2020.

B. The first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ was being organised by Chhattisgarh in January 2020.

C. The first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ had been organised by Chhattisgarh in January 2020.

D. The first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ will be organised by Chhattisgarh in January 2020.

Solutions

Correct Answer: The first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ was organised by Chhattisgarh in January 2020.

Active Voice: Chhattisgarh organised the first-ever ‘All India Folk Dance Festival’ in January 2020.

Tense: Simple Past
Structure: Subject + V2 + Object

Passive Voice Rule for Simple Past:

Object + was/were + past participle (V3) + by + subject

“Festival” is singular → use was
“organised” → past participle = organised

134. Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word.

If the paincontinues, see your doctor.

A. closes

B. starts

C. finishes

D. terminates

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘terminates’.

Let us see the meaning of continues:-
- Continues: to keep happening or existing without stopping.
Let us see the meanings of the given options:-
- Closes: the past participle of the verb ‘Close’ that means to (cause something to) change from being open to not being open.
- Starts: the past participle of the verb ‘Start’ that means to begin doing something.
- Finishes: the past participle of the verb ‘Finish’ that means to complete (something).
- Terminates: the past participle of the verb ‘Terminate’ that means to discontinue a task or function.
From the meanings of the given words, we can say that the word ‘terminates’ is the opposite of the underlined word ‘continues’ .

135. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

The people of this(A)/ country will held the(B)/ government responsible.(C)/ No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘B’

In part B of the sentence, the usage of ‘held’ is incorrect Instead, use ‘hold’
According to grammar, whenever we use the helping verb/auxiliary verb we need to use the base form with it hence, we need to use hold because ‘held’ is the second form of the verb ‘hold’

So the correct sentence is-The people of this country will hold the government responsible.

136. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

Doctors are contacting patients(A)/ with diabetes who has(B)/ taken the drug in the last six months./(C) No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘B’

In part B of the sentence, the usage of ‘has’ is incorrect Instead, use ‘have’
According to grammar,A series of prepositional phrases and relative clauses is often used to add information about a previous noun. In the given sentence, the noun is ‘patients’ which is in the plural form. The prepositional phrase ‘with diabetes’ is used for this noun and the relative clause i.e. ‘who have taken the drug in the last six months’ is used for this noun too. Hence, this noun is in the plural form so the verb should be used according to it only.
Let’s see an example-
- Scientists in Spain who have developed this technique are optimistic. (The prepositional phrase ‘in Spain’ and the relative clause are used for the noun ‘Scientists’)

So the correct sentence is-Doctors are contacting patients with diabetes who have taken the drug in the last six months.

137. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

He said to me, “It is time to add a few essentials to your checklist.”

A. He told me that that was time to add a few essentials to his checklist.

B. He told me that it is time to add a few essentials to your checklist.

C. He told to me that that was time to add a few essentials to his checklist.

D. He told me that that was time to add a few essentials to my checklist.

Solutions

Correct Answer: He told me that that was time to add a few essentials to my checklist.

Direct speech: He said to me, “It is time to add a few essentials to your checklist.”

Steps to Convert to Indirect Speech:

Change the reporting verb:
- said to me → told me
Change present tense to past tense:
- is → was
Change pronouns appropriately:
- your → my (because the speaker is reporting what was said to him)
Maintain the sense of the sentence.

138. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

The thief said to the judge, “I did not have any intention to steal anything.”

A. The thief told the judge that he did not had any intention to steal anything.

B. The thief told the judge that he did not have any intention to steal anything.

C. The thief told the judge that he had not had any intention to steal anything.

D. The thief told the judge that he had no intention to steal anything.

Solutions

The indirect form of the given sentence is ‘The thief told the judge that he had not had any intention to steal anything.’

While changing the narration of an assertive sentence , we need to follow the given steps-
- The given sentence is an assertive sentence.
- Replace comma (,) and inverted commas (” “) with the conjunction ‘ that ‘.
- Change ‘said to ‘ in reporting clause into ‘ told ‘.
- The simple past tense (did not have) is changed into the past perfect tense (had not had).
- The first-person (I) is changed into ‘he’ i.e. according to the subject of the reporting verb (Thief).

139. The following sentence has been divided into parts. One of them contains an error. Select the part that contains the error from the given options.

I agree that(A)/ the criteria is(B)/ not of equal importance.(C)/ No error(D)

A. A

B. B

C. C

D. D

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘B’

In part B of the sentence, the usage of ‘is’ is incorrect Instead, use ‘are’
‘Criteria’ is a plural noun hence, according to the subject-verb agreement rule we need to use the plural verb i.e. ‘are’
Some of the plural and singular nouns are-
- Data (plural) → Datum (Singular)
- Media (plural) → Medium (singular)
- Criteria (plural) → Criterion (Singular)
- Phenomena (plural) → Phenomenon (Singular)

Hence, the correct sentence is-I agree that the criteria are not of equal importance.

140. Fill in the blank with the correct article.

Breaking a problem down into _______manageable set of practical activities is helpful.

A. an

B. a

C. the

D. No article

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘a’

In the given sentence, ‘manageable’ is an adjective that means ‘able to be controlled or dealt with or without difficult’ and we know that the adjectives are used to describe the nouns. The noun in the sentence is ‘set’ which is described by an adjective ‘manageable’
Hence, the article will be used for the noun ‘set’ because it is a singular noun.

So the correct sentence is-Breaking a problem down into a manageable set of practical activities is helpful.

141. Choose the option that is in the indirect form of the sentence.

She asked her mother, “What shall I do after my graduation?”

A. She asked her mother what she will do after her graduation.

B. She asked her mother what she should do after her graduation.

C. She asked her mother what I should do after my graduation.

D. She asked her mother what would she do after her graduation.

Solutions

Correct Answer: She asked her mother what she should do after her graduation.

Direct Speech: She asked her mother, “What shall I do after my graduation?”

Steps to change into indirect speech:

Reporting verb “asked” is used for questions, so no need to add “if” or “whether” here because it starts with a question word (what).
Change of pronouns:
- I → she (because the speaker is “she”)
- my → her
Change of “shall” in reported questions:
- When “shall” is used to ask for advice or suggestion (as here), it changes to “should”.

142. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

What is the full form of AMC

A. Austrian Motors corporation

B. American Motors Corporation

C. Australian Motor company

D. American Motor Company

Solutions

The correct answer is “American Motors Corporation”

When you read the 3rd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:
- In 1979 Renault signed an agreement with American Motors Corporation that called for AMC dealers to sell Renault cars in the United States while Renault would market AMC cars in Europe. A year later Renault became the principal stockholder in AMC.

Hence, the correct answer is “option 2”

143. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which country was controlling the factories of Renault during the early days of World War II?

A. French government

B. Soviet Union

C. Germany

D. None of the above

Solutions

The correct answer is “Germany”

When you read the 2nd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:

In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944, the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

German control indicates Germany.

144. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

How did Renault contributed to the war?

A. by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks.

B. by producing taxis and cabs

C. by producing military trucks

D. by manufacturing rockets

Solutions

The correct answer is “by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks.”

When you read the 2nd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:

In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944, the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

145. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In which year, the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs?

A. 1905

B. 1906

C. 1907

D. 1908

Solutions

The correct answer is “1905

When you read the 2nd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:

In 1905 the company introduced the first of two best-selling models that were widely employed as taxicabs. These cars became famous during World War I when 600 Paris taxis were used to carry soldiers to the First Battle of the Marne. Renault also contributed to the war effort by producing shells, aeroplane engines, and light tanks. After the war, the company continued to expand its factories and its product line, which included buses, trucks, and tractors. Early in World War II, however, the factories were brought under German control, and many were heavily damaged by Allied bombings. When Paris was liberated in 1944, the facilities that had not been destroyed were confiscated by the French government, which set up the state-controlled Régie Nationale des Usines Renault in 1945. The company then emphasized the production of popular, inexpensive family cars such as the 4CV.

146. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A. Renault is controlled by French government.

B. Renault brother was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand

C. Renault makes jets

D. Renault firms received its first orders in 1899

Solutions

The correct answer is “Renault makes jets”

When you read the 1st paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:
- Renault, in full Régie Nationale Des Usines Renault, is a famous French automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer .Controlled by the French government , it is the country’s largest manufacturer and exporter of motor vehicles. Headquarters are in Boulogne-Billancourt. The original firm, Renault Frères (“Renault Brothers”), was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand after the young mechanic had built his first minicar at home. That first model incorporated direct transmission, then an automotive novelty. The firm received its first orders in 1899 and soon became a leader in the industry. Early cars built by the Renault brothers won many prestigious racing competitions.
You can see that the passage specifies that Renault didn’t make any jets

Hence, the correct answer is “option 3”

147. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Which of the following statements is correct about Renault?

A. It is a famous German automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer.

B. It is a famous French automobile and motor, ship manufacturer.

C. It is a famous Indian automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer.

D. It is a famous French automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer.

Solutions

The correct answer is “It is a famous French automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer. “

When you read the 1st paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:
- Renault, in full Régie Nationale Des Usines Renault, is a famous French automobile and motor, carrier manufacturer. Controlled by the French government, it is the country’s largest manufacturer and exporter of motor vehicles. Headquarters are in Boulogne-Billancourt. The original firm, Renault Frères (“Renault Brothers”), was founded by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand after the young mechanic had built his first minicar at home. That first model incorporated direct transmission, then an automotive novelty. The firm received its first orders in 1899 and soon became a leader in the industry. Early cars built by the Renault brothers won many prestigious racing competitions.

148. Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

In which year did Renault and AMC sign an agreement?

A. 1905

B. 1899

C. 1979

D. 1990

Solutions

The correct answer is “1979”

When you read the 3rd paragraph of the given passage, you will find the following lines:

In 1979 Renault signed an agreement with American Motors Corporation that called for AMC dealers to sell Renault cars in the United States while Renault would market AMC cars in Europe. A year later Renault became the principal stockholder in AMC.

149. From the options given choose the correct meaning of the underlined phrase.

The painting just blew me away .

A. to be underestimated

B. to blew away like a balloon

C. to be extremely shocked

D. to feel exhausted

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘to be extremely shocked’

The meaning of the given idiom ‘blow me away’ is- to surprise someone very much

Let’s see an example- Winning first prize and a full scholarshipblew her away.

150. Select the most appropriate option to improve the underlined segment in the given sentence. If there is no need to improve it, select ‘No improvement’.

I didn’t know about whether or not Tom was coming.

A. whether or not

B. about whether and not

C. and whether or not

D. No improvement

Solutions

The correct answer is ‘whether or not’

The given phrase is to be replaced with ‘whether or not’ we need to omit ‘about’

According to grammar, the verb ‘know’ is a transitive verb. The transitive verbs are the verbs that have the direct object after these verbs ask a question ‘what’ if you get a reply of what? then these verbs are known as transitive verbs otherwise they are intransitive verbs.

In the given sentence, we need to write the reply of what? because ‘know’ is a transitive verb hence, omit ‘about’ if this is not a transitive verb then we can use ‘about’.

‘whether or not’ is a correlative pair of conjunction that is correctly mentioned.

General Knowledge

151. Tamannaah Bhatia has been recently appointed as the brand ambassador of Karnataka Soaps & Detergents Limited (KSDL) for what duration?

A. 1 year

B. 2 years

C. 3 years

D. 5 years

Solutions

The correct answer is (b) 2 years

Actress Tamannaah Bhatia has been appointed as the brand ambassador of Karnataka Soaps & Detergents Limited (KSDL) for a period of 2 years.
This appointment is aimed at increasing KSDL’s visibility among younger consumers and strengthening the brand’s presence across India and globally.
The decision was announced by Karnataka’s Industries Minister M.B. Patil on May 22, 2025.
Tamannaah was selected over other celebrities for her wide digital reach and pan-India popularity.
Her two-year contract is valued at ₹6.2 crore.
The brand is undergoing a strategic transformation focusing on modern marketing, packaging, and expansion.

Information Booster:
• KSDL is best known for its product Mysore Sandal Soap.
• The company reported a revenue of ₹1,785.99 crore in FY 2024–25.
• About 80% of its revenue comes from 6 southern states.
• KSDL has a 109-year-old legacy as a state-owned enterprise.
• Tamannaah has a digital following of over 28 million.
• KSDL’s workforce comprises 89% Kannadigas.

152. Memorial Day in the United States is observed on which day in 2025?

A. May 25

B. May 26

C. May 27

D. May 28

Solutions

The correct answer is (b) May 26

Memorial Day 2025 is observed on May 26, which is the last Monday of May.
It is a federal holiday dedicated to remembering and honoring U.S. military personnel who died while serving the country.
Originally called Decoration Day, it began after the American Civil War to decorate soldiers’ graves with flowers.
In 1971, Memorial Day was officially declared a federal holiday and fixed on the last Monday of May.
Traditions include visiting graves, laying flowers and flags, attending parades, hosting family gatherings, and observing the National Moment of Remembrance at 3:00 PM.
The holiday also unofficially marks the start of summer in the United States.

Information Booster:
• Memorial Day was first proposed by Union Army leader John A. Logan in 1868.
• It honors all U.S. military members who died in wars, not only the Civil War.
• Many government offices, banks, and stock markets close on Memorial Day.
• Major delivery services like USPS, FedEx, and UPS pause operations.
• Retail stores and restaurants generally remain open with adjusted hours.
• Parades often feature veterans’ groups and military displays.

Additional Information:
• Memorial Day differs from Veterans Day, which honors all veterans alive and deceased.
• The National Moment of Remembrance encourages a pause at 3 PM local time.
• It is one of the busiest travel weekends in the U.S.
• The holiday’s observance promotes patriotism and respect for the military’s sacrifice.

153. Who has been appointed as the Chief Justice of the Manipur High Court in May 2025?

A. Justice B.R. Gavai

B. Justice D. Krishnakumar

C. .Justice K. Somashekar

D. Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal

Solutions

The correct answer is (c) Justice K. Somashekar

Justice K. Somashekar, a sitting judge of the Karnataka High Court, was appointed the Chief Justice of the Manipur High Court on May 20, 2025, following the retirement of Justice D. Krishnakumar.
His appointment was made by the President of India, based on the recommendation of the Supreme Court Collegium headed by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai.
Justice Somashekar began his legal career in 1990 and has extensive judicial experience, including serving as a District & Sessions Judge (1998) and a Permanent Judge of the Karnataka HC (2018).
The appointment was officially announced by Law Minister Arjun Ram Meghwal via social media.

154. As per the global innovation trends in 2025, which country has been ranked 1st for its leadership in artificial intelligence, biotech, semiconductors, space tech, and clean energy?

A. China

B. Germany

C. United States

D. South Korea

Solutions

The United States tops the 2025 technological innovation ranking, maintaining its leadership through a powerful combination of top universities, Silicon Valley’s startup ecosystem, and massive R&D investment.
It leads in AI, biotechnology, semiconductor development, space technology, and clean energy solutions.
Major innovation drivers include companies like Google, Apple, Tesla, SpaceX, and institutions like DARPA and the National Science Foundation (NSF).
The country benefits from a thriving venture capital network and an open immigration policy that attracts global tech talent.

155. During President Donald Trump’s visit to Riyadh, the United States and Saudi Arabia signed a historic arms deal worth how much?

A. $100 billion

B. $120 billion

C. $142 billion

D. $150 billion

Solutions

During President Donald Trump’s 2017 visit to Riyadh, the U.S. and Saudi Arabia signed a historic arms deal worth $142 billion, making it the largest defense agreement in U.S. history.

Correct Answer is $142 billion.

156. Cyclone Shakti, which is being closely monitored by the IMD in May 2025, is likely to form over which of the following regions?

A. Arabian Sea

B. Bay of Bengal

C. Andaman Sea

D. South China Sea

Solutions

In May 2025, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) reported that a low-pressure system was likely to form first over the Andaman Sea.
This system was expected to intensify and possibly become Cyclone Shakti.
While cyclones often move toward the Bay of Bengal, the initial formation region was the Andaman Sea.

Answer: C. Andaman Sea

157. Santhara, recently in news, is a ritual practice associated with which religion?

A. Buddhism

B. Jainism

C. Hinduism

D. Sikhism

Solutions

Santhara (also known as Sallekhana) is a ritual practice in Jainism.
It involves voluntarily giving up food and water with the intent of attaining spiritual purity and liberation (moksha), usually by elderly or terminally ill followers.
The practice is deeply rooted in Jain philosophy of non-violence (ahimsa) and detachment from worldly life.
It was recently in the news due to a controversial case involving a young girl undertaking this ritual, which brought public and legal attention.

Answer: B. Jainism

158. Who has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) in May 2025?

A. Preeti Sudan

B. Ajay Kumar

C. Rajiv Gauba

D. Vinay Mohan Kwatra

Solutions

In May 2025, the President officially appointed Dr. Ajay Kumar, a retired 1985‑batch IAS officer and former Defence Secretary, as the Chairman of the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)

He took charge around May 15, 2025, succeeding Preeti Sudan, whose tenure ended on April 29, 2025

Answer: B. Ajay Kumar

159. Which of the following is the theme of the 8th UN Global Road Safety Week 2025 organized from 12 to 18 May 2025?

A. Safe Streets for All

B. #MakeWalkingSafe and #MakeCyclingSafe

C. Road Safety: Act Now

D. Walk, Cycle, Live

Solutions

The 8th UN Global Road Safety Week was held from 12–18 May 2025.

The official theme, calling for safer mobility globally, was “#MakeWalkingSafe and #MakeCyclingSafe”, advocating evidence-based interventions to protect pedestrians and cyclists

WHO and associated bodies emphasized this message, organizing webinars, toolkits, and initiatives under that theme.

Correct Answer: B — #MakeWalkingSafe and #MakeCyclingSafe

160. When is the International Day of Plant Health (IDPH) observed by the United Nations to raise awareness about the importance of plant health for global food security and ecosystem protection?

A. April 22

B. May 12

C. June 5

D. March 21

Solutions

The International Day of Plant Health (IDPH)is observed annually on May 12to raise awareness about the critical role of plant health.

It aims to ensure global food security, protect ecosystems, and promote economic development by preventing plant diseases and pests.
The observance emphasizes the impact of plant pests and diseases, which result in significant losses to crops and natural vegetation, endangering food supply systems and biodiversity.
The day also highlights the need forinternational cooperationto tackle plant health issues, aligning with the One Health approach(which links plant, animal, human, and environmental health).

161. Vijay Ghat” is a memorial of which Indian leader?

A. Jawaharlal Nehru

B. Lal Bahadur Shastri

C. Indira Gandhi

D. Rajiv Gandhi

Solutions

Vijay Ghat is the memorial dedicated to Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India.
Lal Bahadur Shastri was a respected leader known for his role in promoting the “Jai Jawan Jai Kisan” slogan and his leadership during the 1965 India-Pakistan war.
He passed away in 1966 in Tashkent (now Uzbekistan) under mysterious circumstances after signing the Tashkent Agreement.
His memorial, Vijay Ghat, is located in New Delhi, near the banks of the Yamuna River.

162. Identify the two prominent pilgrimage towns located on the banks of the Indrayani River, both known for their association with revered saints of the Bhakti movement in Maharashtra.

A. Shirdi and Pandharpur

B. Dehu and Alandi

C. Nashik and Trimbak

D. Kolhapur and Tuljapur

Solutions

The Indrayani River flows through Pune district in Maharashtra and is deeply associated with the Bhakti movement due to the presence of two sacred towns on its banks — Dehu and Alandi.

· Dehu is the hometown of Sant Tukaram, a 17th-century poet-saint whose devotional songs (Abhangas) in praise of Lord Vitthal are integral to Marathi spiritual literature.

· Alandi is where Sant Dnyaneshwar, a 13th-century saint and philosopher, attained samadhi. He authored the Dnyaneshwari, a revered Marathi commentary on the Bhagavad Gita.

These towns are central to the annual Pandharpur Wari pilgrimage, where thousands of devotees walk to Pandharpur carrying palanquins (Palkhis) of these saints, showcasing deep-rooted traditions and collective devotion. The river enhances the spiritual atmosphere of these towns, making them vital religious destinations in Maharashtra.

163. To which state does the Indian tennis player Sumit Nagal belong?

A. Odisha

B. Maharashtra

C. Haryana

D. Karnataka

Solutions

Sumit Nagal is an Indian professional tennis player born in Jhajjar, Haryana.

He has represented India in major tournaments, including the Davis Cup, but his roots are firmly in Haryana.

Though he received training in Bengaluru and later in Toronto, his home state remains Haryana.

Correct Answer: C — Haryana

164. What is the capital city of Honduras?

A. San José

B. Managua

C. Tegucigalpa

D. Panama City

Solutions

Tegucigalpa is the capital city of Honduras and also its largest urban center. Situated in a mountainous region in the south-central part of the country, Tegucigalpa serves as the political, administrative, and economic heart of Honduras. It is home to the National Congress, Presidential Palace, and most government institutions. The city is known for its colonial architecture, universities, and as a hub of cultural and economic activity. Founded by Spanish settlers in the 16th century as a mining town, Tegucigalpa officially became the capital in 1880, replacing Comayagua. It is often paired with its twin city Comayagüela, and together they form the Central District (Distrito Central).

165. Rani ki Vav is a UNESCO World Heritage monument, situated in which of the following states?

A. Haryana

B. Gujarat

C. Maharashtra

D. Karnataka

Solutions

• Rani ki Vav is a famous stepwell located in Patan, Gujarat.

• It was built by Queen Udayamati in memory of King Bhima I of the Solanki dynasty during the 11th century.

• Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014 for its exceptional architecture.

166. The famous English novel ‘Em and the Big Hoom’ is written by:

A. Esther David

B. Amitav Ghosh

C. Jerry Pinto

D. Shashi Tharoor

Solutions

• ‘Em and the Big Hoom’ is a critically acclaimed novel written by Jerry Pinto.

• It explores themes such as mental illness, family dynamics, and the complexities of life.

• The novel is set in Mumbai and tells the story of a young man dealing with his mother’s mental health issues and his complex relationship with her.

167. Who among the following is the author of the book ‘Those Pricey Thakur Girls’?

A. Anuja Chauhan

B. Anita Nair

C. Pratibha Ray

D. Preeti Shenoy

Solutions

The novel Those Pricey Thakur Girls was written by Anuja Chauhan, a well-known Indian author famous for books like The Zoya Factor and Battle for Bittora.

The story was later adapted into a popular web series Dil Bekaraar on Disney+ Hotsta.

· Known for her witty and engaging writing style, Chauhan brings out the nuances of family dynamics and the social environment of that era in India.

· The book has been well-received and adapted into a television series, enhancing Chauhan’s popularity as an author.

· Anuja Chauhan is the author of Those Pricey Thakur Girls, a popular novel set in 1980s Delhi, focusing on the lives of the five Thakur sisters.

168. The author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi, Yahya Sirhindi claims that the founder of ________ dynasty of Delhi sultanate was a descendant of Prophet Muhammad.

A. Sayyid

B. Mamluk

C. Lodhi

D. Khalji

Solutions

· Yahya Sirhindi, the author of “Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi,” asserts that the founder of the Sayyid dynasty, Khizr Khan, was a descendant of Prophet Muhammad.

· The Sayyid dynasty ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1414 to 1451 and is known for its claims of nobility and lineage connected to the Prophet.

· The Sayyid dynasty followed the Tughlaq dynasty and was characterized by political instability and fragmentation. The rulers attempted to legitimize their rule through claims of descent from the Prophet.

169. Who was the first recipient of the World Food Prize in 1987?

A. Norman Borlaug

B. Vandana Shiva

C. M.S. Swaminathan

D. Amartya Sen

Solutions

Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, an eminent Indian agricultural scientist, was the first recipient of the World Food Prize in 1987. He is widely recognized as the “Father of India’s Green Revolution” for his role in introducing high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of wheat and rice to India during the 1960s and 70s, significantly improving food production and national self-sufficiency.

His work helped India transform from a food-deficient nation to one of the world’s largest agricultural producers, preventing widespread famine and strengthening food security. Dr. Swaminathan’s research and policies emphasized sustainable agriculture, biotechnology, and rural development, influencing agricultural reform worldwide.

The World Food Prize, established by Norman Borlaug in 1986, honors individuals whose work has significantly advanced the quality, quantity, or availability of food globally. Swaminathan’s selection as the inaugural laureate underscored the importance of agricultural innovation and policy in global food security.

170. According to the census of India 2011, the lowest female literacy rate was recorded in the state of _________.

A. Maharashtra

B. Chhattisgarh

C. Bihar

D. West Bengal

Solutions

According to the Census of India 2011, the lowest female literacy rate among all Indian states was recorded in Bihar.

Female Literacy Rate in Bihar (2011): 51.5%

This was significantly lower than the national average female literacy rate of 65.46%.

Correct Answer: C — Bihar

171. In which of the following years did Lord Curzon announce the partition of Bengal?

A. 1905

B. 1914

C. 1900

D. 1909

Solutions

• Lord Curzon, the British Viceroy of India, announced the partition of Bengal in 1905.

• The partition was a political move aimed at dividing the large province of Bengal into two parts: East Bengal (with a Muslim majority) and West Bengal (with a Hindu majority).

• This move was seen as an attempt to divide and rule, creating religious divisions.

172. Tirot Sing was the leader of which of the following revolts?

A. Khasi uprising

B. Sanyasi Revolt

C. Poligars’s Revolt

D. Singpho’s Rebellion

Solutions

Tirot Sing was a tribal chief and a legendary freedom fighter from Meghalaya.
He led the Khasi Uprising (1829–1833) against British attempts to control the Khasi Hills region.
The revolt was triggered when the British tried to build a road through Khasi territory without consent.

173. In which year did Raja Ram Mohan Roy establish the Brahmo Sabha, which later became the Brahmo Samaj?

A. 1814

B. 1828

C. 1833

D. 1857

Solutions

Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Sabha in 1828 in Calcutta.
This later came to be known as the Brahmo Samaj, which played a major role in the social and religious reform movement in India.
It opposed idol worship, caste discrimination, and promoted monotheism and women’s rights.

174. In Dholavira, which of the following materials is extensively used as a building material?

A. Granite

B. Stone

C. Bricks

D. Cement

Solutions

Dholavira, one of the five largest sites of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), is located in present-day Kutch, Gujarat.

Unlike other Harappan cities, which primarily used burnt bricks, Dholavira extensively used stone as the primary building material.
The city had a well-planned layout, featuring massive stone walls, reservoirs, and fortifications, reflecting advanced urban planning and water management systems.

175. Which of the following Ashokan rock edicts declares prohibition of animal sacrifice?

A. Major Rock Edict – II

B. Major Rock Edict – I

C. Major Rock Edict – IV

D. Major Rock Edict – III

Solutions

· Major Rock Edict – I is one of the edicts of Emperor Ashoka that explicitly prohibits the killing of animals for sacrifice.

· This edict reflects Ashoka’s commitment to non-violence (Ahimsa) and his efforts to promote moral and ethical behavior among his subjects.

· It highlights his concern for the welfare of all living beings and his desire to encourage compassion and kindness.

176. Which Satavahana king restored the Satavahana realm to its earlier greatness around 125 CE?

A. Gautamiputra

B. Krishna III

C. Mihira Bhoja

D. Rajaraja I

Solutions

Gautamiputra Satakarni was the most famous ruler of the Satavahana dynasty.
He ruled around 78–102 CE and is credited with restoring the Satavahana empire to its former glory around 125 CE (considered a historical estimate of his legacy).
He defeated powerful rivals like the Shakas, Pahlavas, and Yavanas, and expanded the kingdom significantly.

Correct Answer: A — Gautamiputra

177. The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution are borrowed from which country’s constitution?

A. The Constitution of the United States

B. The Constitution of Ireland

C. The Constitution of the United Kingdom

D. The Constitution of the Soviet Union

Solutions

The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) in Part IV of the Indian Constitution are inspired by the Constitution of Ireland.
Ireland, in turn, had borrowed these principles from the Spanish Constitution.
These principles aim to establish social and economic democracy, guiding the State in policy-making.

Correct Answer: B — The Constitution of Ireland

178. Which of the following is NOT a qualification/eligibility to become the President of India?

A. Must be a citizen of India

B. Must be qualified for election as a member of the house of the people

C. Must have completed the age of thirty-five years

D. Must hold any office of profit

Solutions

• To become the President, one must not hold any office of profit under the government.

• Article 58 of the Indian Constitution outlines the qualifications: being a citizen of India, at least 35 years old, and eligible to be elected to the Lok Sabha.

179. The Prime Minister in India is ________.

A. a nominal executive

B. the real executive

C. the Supreme Commander of Armed Forces

D. the head of the judiciary

Solutions

• The Prime Minister of India is considered the real executive as he/she holds the highest position in the Executive branch of the Indian government.

• The Prime Minister exercises significant powers, including heading the Council of Ministers and implementing government policies.

180. Which Article of the Indian Constitution states that “There shall be a High Court for each state”?

A. Article 214

B. Article 125

C. Article 245

D. Article 275

Solutions

· Article 214 of the Indian Constitution specifically provides that “there shall be a High Court for each state.” This provision establishes the framework for the judiciary in each state and ensures that there is a High Court to oversee and administer justice at the state level.

· High Courts have the authority to exercise original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters, along with the power to review the decisions of lower courts.

181. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides provision for the appointment of the same person as the Governor for two or more states?

A. Article 158(2)

B. Article 157

C. Article 158

D. Article 153

Solutions

Article 153 of the Indian Constitution states that there shall be a Governor for each state. However, the provision also allows the same person to be appointed as Governor for two or more states if necessary.

This practice is often followed to reduce administrative expenses and ensure efficient governance, particularly in smaller states or Union Territories.

182. The Indrayani River is a tributary of which of the following rivers?

A. Godavari River

B. Mula-Mutha River

C. Bhima River

D. Tapi River

Solutions

The Indrayani River is a tributary of the Bhima River, which itself is a major tributary of the Krishna River, one of the longest rivers in peninsular India. The Indrayani originates near Lonavala in the Western Ghats and flows eastward through Pune district, passing important towns like Dehu and Alandi, both of which are significant religious and cultural centers in Maharashtra.

The Bhima River eventually joins the Krishna River in Karnataka, making the Indrayani an integral part of the Krishna River basin. This basin supports millions of people across Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh. The hydrological link between Indrayani and the Krishna River highlights its importance in regional water systems, agriculture, and ecosystem services.

183. Which of the following is NOT an element of weather?

A. Temperature

B. Humidity

C. Plants

D. Rainfall

Solutions

• Weather refers to the day-to-day atmospheric conditions in a specific area, including factors like temperature, humidity, and rainfall.

• Plants are not an element of weather; they are part of the environment and affect the climate in terms of ecosystem balance but are not considered an atmospheric condition.

184. Which of the following are salt-water lakes?
a. Sambhar lake
b. Dal lake
c. Wular lake
d. Chilika lake

A. a and d

B. c and d

C. a and b

D. a and c

Solutions

The salt-water lakes among the options provided are:

· Sambhar Lake (a): Located in Rajasthan, Sambhar Lake is the largest saltwater lake in India and is known for its salt production. It is a significant saline wetland that supports various forms of wildlife.

· Chilika Lake (d): Situated along the eastern coast of India, Chilika Lake is the largest coastal lagoon in India and is also classified as a brackish (saltwater) lake. It supports a diverse range of flora and fauna and is an important site for fisheries and bird migration.

185. Which is the “Earth’s only Satellite”?

A. Deimos

B. Callisto

C. Moon

D. Phobos

Solutions

The Moon is the Earth’s only natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest satellite in the Solar System and is about 1/6th the size of Earth. The Moon has been a subject of interest and study for centuries and plays a crucial role in various natural processes on Earth, such as tides and stabilizing the planet’s axis.

186. The term ‘Aus’, ‘Aman’ and ‘Boro’ are associated with which crop in India?

A. Maize

B. Wheat

C. Jute

D. Paddy

Solutions

The terms ‘Aus’, ‘Aman’, and ‘Boro’ refer to the three seasonal varieties of paddy (rice) grown in eastern India, especially West Bengal, Assam, and Bihar.

Correct Answer: D — Paddy

187. What does M stand for in BHIM-UPI?

A. Monetary

B. Mobile

C. Money

D. Monthly

Solutions

In BHIM-UPI, the “M” stands for Money.
BHIM stands for Bharat Interface for Money, which is a mobile payment app based on Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
It was developed by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) to facilitate simple, secure, and fast transactions directly from mobile phones.

188. What is the meaning of the term used in the context of a country’s ability to meet its essential needs independently without relying on international aid or trade?

A. Autoclave

B. Self-reliance

C. Monopoly

D. Autonomy

Solutions

Self-reliance refers to a country’s ability to fulfill its essential needs—such as food, energy, healthcare, and defense—without depending on external assistance or imports.

It emphasizes domestic production, local innovation, and internal resource management.

189. For the year 2011-12, the poverty line for a person was fixed at _____ per month for the rural areas.

A. ₹915

B. ₹850

C. ₹970

D. ₹816

Solutions

For the year 2011-12, the poverty line for a person in rural areas was fixed at ₹816 per month by the Planning Commission of India.
This was based on the Tendulkar Committee recommendations, which set the poverty line for rural areas, taking into account the cost of living and basic needs for sustenance.
The poverty line represents the minimum income level required for a person to meet their basic needs like food, clothing, and shelter.

190. Which kind of inflation takes place when the supply falls drastically and the demand remains at the same level?

A. Reflation

B. Bottleneck Inflation

C. Stagflation

D. Skewflation

Solutions

Bottleneck inflation occurs when there is a sharp reduction in supply of goods and services, while demand remains constant or increases. This supply constraint creates an imbalance, causing prices to rise.

This kind of inflation is usually due to supply-side disruptions, such as shortages of raw materials, labor strikes, or natural disasters, which restrict the ability of producers to meet consumer demand.

191. Which of the following is/are NOT a part of the financial sector?

A. Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare

B. Investment banks

C. Commercial banks

D. Stock exchange operations

Solutions

The Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare is not a part of the financial sector. It is a government department that focuses on agricultural policies, welfare of farmers, and the development of the agricultural sector in India. On the other hand, investment banks, commercial banks, and stock exchange operations are all integral components of the financial sector, which deals with the management, investment, and exchange of money, assets, and financial services.

192. What is the IUCN Red List status of the Olive Ridley turtle?

A. Endangered

B. Vulnerable

C. Critically Endangered

D. Near Threatened

Solutions

The Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
Though they are the most abundant of all sea turtles globally, their populations are declining due to:
- Habitat loss
- Marine pollution
- Accidental capture (bycatch) in fishing nets
- Egg poaching

Correct Answer: B — Vulnerable

193. According to the given process, the phenomenon in which a water body gradually becomes enriched with nutrients and minerals, mainly phosphorus and nitrogen, leading to enormous growth of algae on the surface of the water, thus decreasing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, is known as:

A. Eutrophication

B. Biomagnification

C. Hypoxia

D. Bioaccumulation

Solutions

Explanation:
• Eutrophication is the process by which excess nutrients, primarily phosphorus and nitrogen, accumulate in a water body.
• This leads to algal blooms, which block sunlight and deplete oxygen levels, harming aquatic life.
• It can occur naturally over centuries or be accelerated by human activities such as agriculture and industrial discharge (cultural eutrophication).

194. Under which legal framework is a Conservation Reserve like the Hesaraghatta Grassland declared?

A. Environment Protection Act, 1986

B. Forest Rights Act, 2006

C. Wildlife Protection Act, 1972

D. Biological Diversity Act, 2002

Solutions

A Conservation Reserve is declared under the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA), 1972, specifically under Section 36A. This provision was introduced through an amendment in 2002 to extend legal protection to ecologically important areas that lie outside traditional protected areas like National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.

195. Which of the following diseases is detected by the Widal test?

A. Pneumonia

B. Typhoid

C. Diphtheria

D. Influenza

Solutions

• The Widal test is a diagnostic test used to detect typhoid fever caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi.
• It identifies the presence of O and H antibodies in the patient’s blood, which are produced in response to the infection.

196. When protein-rich gelatinous egg white is heated, it turns to solid white due to:

A. Protein Denaturation

B. Emulsification

C. Fermentation

D. Gluten Formation

Solutions

• Heating denatures the proteins in egg white, causing them to unfold and coagulate, turning from a transparent gel to a solid white.
• This is an irreversible process where the protein structure is altered due to heat.

197. What happens to the motion of the particles as temperature rises?

A. The particles move in the same direction

B. The particles slow down

C. The particles move faster

D. The particles stay stationery

Solutions

As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of particles increases.
This leads to faster movement of the particles in all states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
In gases, particles move much faster and farther apart as temperature rises.
In liquids, particles move more freely, increasing fluidity.
In solids, particles vibrate more vigorously at higher temperatures.

198. What is the primary acid found in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons?

A. Lactic acid

B. Tartaric acid

C. Citric acid

D. Acetic acid

Solutions

Citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruits primarily contain citric acid, which gives them their characteristic sour taste.

Citric acid is a weak organic acid naturally found in these fruits and is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and beverage industries due to its preservative and flavor-enhancing properties.

199. What determines whether an object sinks or floats in a liquid?

A. Its mass

B. Its viscosity

C. Its density

D. Its center of gravity

Solutions

The ability of an object to float or sink in a liquid is primarily determined by its density. If the density of an object is less than the density of the liquid, the object will float. If the object’s density is greater than the liquid’s density, it will sink.

200. The study of sound & sound waves-

A. Mechanical

B. Technical

C. Acoustics

D. Sound Waves

Solutions

The study of sound and sound waves is known as Acoustics. It is a branch of physics that deals with:

Production,
Transmission, and
Effects of sound waves in various media such as air, water, and solids.

Acoustics helps in understanding not just how sound travels, but also how it can be controlled and used in real-world applications, like in architecture, music, sonar, medical imaging (ultrasound), and even noise control.

SSC Stenographer Grade C & D 2025 Mock Test – 1

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